PRO V EUKARYOTES
"pro" means no ______________
nucleus
This process refers to the movement of any type of molecule from a higher concentration to a lower concentration.
diffusion
Virus means ______________.
poison
Define cell cycle.
The life cycle of a cell. What a cell is doing when it is alive.
Cell differentiation means to become different or specialized so that the cell can perform a specific ________________.
function or job
Which group has cells WITH membrane-bound organelles?
eukaryotes
The diffusion of water across a membrane is called _____________________.
osmosis
What is the end result of host cells when the infecting virus is in the lytic cycle?
the cells lyse (break open)
What are the 2 major phases of the cell cycle?
Interphase and Mitosis
What is the purpose of the cell checkpoints?
To make sure the cell is growing to the correct size and replicating the organelles and DNA appropriately before moving to the next phase of the cell cycle.
The only example of a prokaryote is ______________.
bacteria
What does homeostasis mean?
an internal steady state that is balanced
Name one way in which viruses and cells are alike.
both have genetic material (DNA/RNA) and
both change over time
What happens during Interphase?
The cell prepares to divide.
G1 - growth and replication of organelles
S - replication of DNA
G2 - continued growth and replication of enzymes (proteins)
What happens to the cell if it is not growing properly?
It is sent to G0 to have more time to grow to the correct size.
Plant and protists cells are examples of ____________.
eukaryotes
This type of cell transport requires no energy.
passive transport
Why are viruses considered to be nonliving?
With only 2 exceptions, they do not have the characteristics of life.
(not made of cells, do not use energy, do not grow and develop, do not reproduce, do not maintain homeostasis, do not respond to stimuli)
In which part of Interphase does DNA replicate?
S or Synthesis phase
What disease can result from the cell cycle not being able to regulate cell growth and allowing the cell replication to occur much faster than normal?
cancer
Where do scientists believe complex cells come from?
Simple cells engulf other simple cells then live together and help each other. (symbiotic relationship)
Active transport moves molecules from a region of ____________ concentration to a region of ________________ concentration.
lower, higher
Which human cells are attacked by HIV?
Immune cells, specifically the Helper T cells
Name the phases of mitosis in the correct order.
Prophase - Metaphase - Anaphase - Telophase
Identify one way the external environment can affect cell differentiation.
Temperature can affect the gender of turtles.