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A 6-year old builds a tall block tower. When STAFF says, "wow, that's so tall!" he continues building without looking up, smiling or responding. He never tries to show the tower to others.
The client is showing signs of having deficits in which area.....
Social-Emotional Reciprocity
BCAT prompts, "hang up your back pack" then sets timer. It takes the client 10 seconds before they begin walking to the hook; this 10 seconds is recorded as.....
Latency
A client throws materials to escape non-preferred work. After client shows escape function, the therapist teaches the student to hand over "break please" card. When the card is used, the student gets a brief break; when they throw materials, work continues....
Functional Communication Training (FCT)
What is the difference between Fixed interval and Variable interval?
FI: Schedules reinforce the first response after a set amount of time has passed, producing a "scalloped" pattern of high activity only near the end of the interval.
VI: Schedules reinforce behavior after a variable amount of time has passed since last reinforcement.
Tokens are paired repeatedly with access to favorite toys. After pairing, the client will work to earn tokens even before they're exchanged.
Conditioned Reinforcer
The client can answer single digit addition problems. Ther therapist uses 1-minute timing trials, having the child solve as many as possible correctly and quickly, aiming to increase problems correct per minute across sessions.
Fluency-Based Training
After the client completes a puzzle, therapist gives 5 minutes with favorite tablet game. Puzzle completion increases over time.....
Positive Reinforcement
A client repeatedly sticks fingers in their mouth. Each time, therapist gently but firmly blocks hand before it reaches mouth, preventing the response from occuring.
Response Blocking
What is Fixed Ratio vs. Variable Ratio?
FR: Schedules reinforce behavior after a set amount of response leading to high steady response rates with short breaks.
VR: Schedules reinforce behavior after a random number of responses.
A thirsty child works hard to get water. No learning history is needed for water to function as a reinforcer.
Conditioned Reinforcers
A child has not had chips all day. When chips are available, the child works hard for them. The deprivation from chips is a.....
Motivating Operation
A client has an emotional outburst at unexpected transitions. Therapist adds a visual schedule ad gives a 2 minute warning before transitions, which reduces emotional outburst without waiting for problem behavior to occur.
Antecedent Interventions (ABI)
A client makes a silly noise to get laughs during activity. STAFF and others are told not to look or laugh at noises, but to give attention when client engages appropriately.
Planned Ignoring
Reinforces the absence of the target behavior......
DRA? DRI? DRO?
Differential Reinforcement of other Behavior (DRO)
Used to help clients use all their senses together
Sensory Integration Training
BCAT is asked to record every single instance of head-hitting (SIBs) that occurs during a 30- minute session. This is an example of:
Continuous Measurement
A client shouts "HEY!" to get STAFF attention. STAFF withholds attention for should but quickly gives attention and praise when the client raises their hand and waits....
DRA- Differential Reinforcement of Alternative Behavior
Therapist presents toys and records which items the child picks each time to determine a hierarchy of most-to-least preferred items.
Preference Assessment
Breaks down a task into small steps then teaches each step within the sequence by itself.
Chaining
Client is presented with prompts to minimize the chances of giving incorrect reponses.
Errorless Learning
At the table, STAFF prompts, "touch your nose", waits, and then physically prompts to touch their nose, immediately saying "Nice Job!" and giving a sticker. This SD-Response-Consequence sequence is repeated in rapid, structured trials.
Discrete Trial Training
Therapist teaches first step, while completing steps 2-10 for client. Once step 1 is mastered, the client does step 1-2 and the therapist does 3-10 and so on, from first step forward.
Forward Chaining
Two therapists independently count instances of hitting during recess. One records 5 and the other 4. They calculate data to evaluate how reliably the behavior is being measured.
Interobserver Agreement (IOA)
Emphasizes the use of positive reinforcement to target behavior change
Token Economy
Physically intervening to interrupt and prevent a response from occurring.
Response Blocking