Concepts and Principles
You client ask for their favorite snack "I want cookie please" parent gives them the cookie and says "thanks for asking". This is an example of what verbal operant?
Define a response
One instance of behavior
Describe or provide an example of social validity
Socially acceptable, Socially significant,
measures how far an intervention's goals, methods, and outcomes match the real-world needs and values of clients and their families
(Token economy, visual supports, etc.)
Response cost is an example of what procedure ? (hint: reinforcement, punishment, etc.?)
Negative punishment
Describe or label the control condition in a Functional Analysis (FA).
Play Condition
Free attention, no demands, and free access
This basic schedule of reinforcement gives a scallop effect when looking at the graph
Fixed interval (FI) - Correct answer
Fixed Ratio (FR) - stair case & post reinforcement pause
Variable Ratio (VR) - quick and steady (slot machine)
Variable Interval (VI) - steady but not as steep
What are the 3 dimensional qualities of measurement ?
Temporal Locus (IRT, Latency)
Temporal Extent (duration)
Repeatability (Frequency, rate, celeration)
Describe an example of an intervention demonstrating external validity?
Generalizing across other settings, individuals, population, demonstrating the same results with different participants
Your client starts to response more correctly when using a Continuous Reinforcement Schedule (CRF). You start to increase the amount of response requirement before reinforcement is received. You tell your team to implement FR25 then start to observe regression and increase in behaviors. What occurred here?
Ratio Strain
Name an example of a descriptive assessment (Hint: the primary unit of analysis)
ABC Narrative
ABC Continuous
Scatterplot
Throughout the session, parent is giving their child favorite ice cream after completing their chores, homework, and cleaning up. When parent gives another instruction and says "go help your brother bring in the groceries then you will get more ice cream". The child continues to play their game and ignores the parents instruction. What value altering effect is occurring with the ice cream ? (hint: Satiation)
Abolishing Operation
Whenever you text you work bestie to tell them the new gossip, it takes them forever to respond. Sometimes they answer within 10 minutes. Other times it could be up to 2 hours. The time from when you sent the text and when they respond is an example of what dimension of behavior ? (hint: locus)
Latency
You are using an intervention to teach your client how to read . You want to show that this intervention is the reason for teaching your clients the new words. So you implement a reversal design to demonstrate your strong experimental control. What is something you didn't consider when implementing this experimental design?
Fail to consider irreversibility
Explain or define shaping. Bonus point: What are the two different types ?
Shaping is the process using systematic and differential reinforcement of successive approximations to terminal behavior
Bonus: Shaping across Topographies, Shaping within topographies
Name the four conditions used in a Functional Analysis (FA)
Play (Control)
Escape
Attention
Sensory
You client loves to play with his favorite toys hot wheels. To keep them safe, you lock them in the cabinet until you next session so you know where to find it. The next day you are getting ready for session and frantically looking for the key to unlock the cabinet. The key in this scenario is an example of what CMO?
CMO - T (remember CMO TOOL)
During the summer it got super hot in the building where everyone was complaining. The staff would complain but the director would say "no its not too hot" and pointed to the broken thermostat that stated it was 60 degrees in the room. This measurement lacked what?
Accuracy - True value
Reliability - repeatability
Validity - Intend to measure what it is suppose to
What is one benefit of single subject design ?
Each individual serves as their own control
Good Behavior game is an example of what group contingency?
Interdependent Group Contingencies
Name and describe 3 different preference assessment
Free Operant
Multiple stimulus without replacement
Multiple stimulus with replacement
Single stimulus
Paired stimulus (forced choice)
What four components are needed for it to be considered imitation ?
Formal similarity
Model
Immediacy
Controlled relation
You client engages in high level of aggression where he is hitting others. The original supervisor had the therapist record the data using frequency. But the staff is having a hard time recording data due to the high frequency of the behavior and running programs. What measurement system would be best to use to support the staff? (hint: discontinuous measurement -> continuous behaviors)
Partial interval recording
What are the 5 variations of reversal designs ?
Repeated reversal
BAB
Multiple treatment design
NCR Reversal
DRO/I/A Reversal
Free reinforcement
:)
Name and describe one variation of a Functional Analysis (FA)
Synethesized - multiple contingencies at a time Latency Based - amount of time before pxbx occurs
Precusor - terminate the condition when precusor behaviors begin
Trial Based - each trial has 2 components (1 min each)
Natural Setting - conducted in the natural setting