Nucleic Acid Structure
This term represents the flow of genetic information in cells from DNA to RNA to protein.
What is the Central Dogma?
This DNA binding motif involves a metal ion, typically zinc, to stabilize the fold.
What is the Zinc finger motif?
This enzyme digests linear DNA but not circular DNA.
What is Exonuclease?
This chemical group present in RNA but not in DNA makes RNA more reactive and less stable.
What is the 2'OH group?
This sequencing method that involves the termination of the DNA chain.
What is Sanger Sequencing?
These are the building blocks of nucleic acids and consist of a phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogenous base.
What are Nucleotides?
These proteins interact directly with single- or double-stranded RNA molecules within the cell and have diverse functions such as RNA processing and transport.
What are RNA-binding proteins (RBPs)?
This type of restriction enzyme recognizes a specific site and cuts within that site.
What is Type II restriction enzyme?
Secondary and tertiary structures of RNA are stabilized by these positively charged atoms?
What are cations?
This sequencing method provides real-time analysis of DNA and involves the use of tiny pores to sequence DNA.
What is Nanopore Sequencing?
These are the three forms of DNA based on their helical structures.
What are B-form, A-form, and Z-form?
This DNA binding motif consists of two alpha helices separated by a turn, allowing it to fit into the major groove of DNA.
What is the helix-turn-helix motif?
This enzyme is responsible for joining together the ends of DNA or RNA molecules.
What is Ligase?
These enzymes are crucial for managing the overwinding or underwinding strain on DNA when DNA replication or transcription is underway.
What are Topoisomerases?
This blotting technique is used to measure the abundance of a single mRNA in a sample.
What is northern blot?
This term describes the process of separating double-stranded DNA into single strands by breaking the hydrogen bonds between bases.
What is Denaturation?
This groove of the dsDNA is particularly important for protein binding due to its accessibility and the exposure of the bases.
What is the major groove?
Derived from retroviruses, this enzyme uses an RNA template to create a cDNA copy.
What is Reverse Transcriptase?
This type of RNA structure is formed when sequences within the same RNA molecule are complementary and bind to each other, creating a loop.
What is a stem-loop structure or hairpin loop?
This type of PCR is used to quantitatively measure the amplification of DNA using fluorescent probes.
What is Quantitative (Real Time) RT PCR or qPCR?
In bacteria, this topoisomerase II enzyme introduces negative supercoils into DNA.
What is Gyrase?
This DNA binding motif is characterized by leucine residues at every seventh position, facilitating dimerization and DNA binding.
What is the Leucine zipper?
This enzyme is used to add phosphate groups to the 5' end of DNA or RNA molecules.
What is Polynucleotide Kinase (PNK)?
These are enzymatically-active RNA molecules that can catalyze specific biochemical reactions, similar to the action of protein enzymes.
What are Ribozymes?
This method provides a comprehensive analysis of the entire transcriptome, allowing for the study of gene expression.
What is RNA Seq?