Byzantine Empire
Capital city of the Byzantine Empire
Byzantium
Prophet of Islam
Recognizes and presents the skills and talents of a person as an individual who struggles with the forces of nature
Humanism
A religious order approved by Pope Paul III founded by Spanish nobleman, Ignatius Loyola
Society of Jesus
Swedish naturalist who studied plants and animals and published a system classifying more than 4,000 animals
Carolus Linnaeus
small religious image usually painted on wood that depicted Jesus and the saints
Icon
The cave where angel Gabriel appeared to Mohammed and told him of his task to evangelize the message of God
Mount Hira
Diplomat who was cynical about human behavior and believed that a ruler should do whatever was necessary to gain and keep power
Niccolo Machiavelli
Movements that encouraged the spread of education
Reformation and Counter-Reformation
His work corrected many errors that had been taught for hundreds of years and marked the beginning of the modern study of anatomy
Andreas Vesalius
Language used by the Orthodox Christians
Greek
Location of the center of government of the Umayyad Dynasty
Damascus (Syria)
Developed by Johann Gutenberg that made books and new ideas available to more people
The Printing Press
Followers of John Wycliffe
Poor Preachers
Another term for the Enlightenment
Age of Reason
Give 2 reasons why the Byzantine Empire declined
faced taxes, decreased agricultural production, declined trade and loss of territory, invasion
They killed the last Abbasid caliph
The Mongols
Cultural center of Renaissance
Florence, Italy
Passed by the English Parliament to make the the king the head of the Church of England (Anglican Church) and consolidated the power of the monarch and parliament
Act of Supremacy
Organization that gave those interested in science or other fields a chance to meet, hear lectures about one another’s discoveries, and discuss ideas during the Enlightenment
Royal Society
Attacked Constantinople outnumbering the Byzantines sixteen to one
The Turks
Tax that allowed the invaded Christians and Jews (dhimmi) to practice their own religions
jizya
The center of studies in Greek philosophy founded by Cosimo de’ Medici in Florence, Italy
Platonic Academy
Signed by Lutheran German princes expressing their religious beliefs and their opposition to the teachings of the Roman Catholic Church
Augsburg Confession
Noblewoman trained as a mathematician and physicist, she translated Newton’s work from Latin to French
Emilie du Chatelet