The United Colonies
Who was the prominent Quaker who found Pennsylvania?
William Penn
What is the economic theory that viewed the global economy as a competition between countries for a finite amount of wealth?
mercantilism
What is the term for the events surrounding the execution of 14 women and 6 men due to hysteria in a Massachusetts community?
the Salem Witch Trials
What is the term for the interconnected Atlantic system of trade which fueled the growth of slave labor?
triangular trade
What is the term for the Protestant revival movement which emphasized each person’s urgent need for salvation by God?
The Great Awakening
What were the two reasons for massive population growth in the English colonies?
lots of kids
relatively healthy environment
What is the term for having more exports than imports?
favorable balance of trade
What was the most successful Native American resistance movement in North America?
the Pueblo Revolt of 1680
Who was the Anglican preacher who led large revivals in England and who found further success in the American colonies?
George Whitefield
What is the term for a type of preacher who enthusiastically promotes the Christian gospel, seeking to convert large numbers of people through his sermons?
evangelist
What was the colony originally granted as a proprietorship (independent of the king)?
Pennsylvania
What British policies established mercantilism over the colonies, suppressing previous political autonomy and causing resistance?
the Navigation Acts
Who was the leader of a rebellion in Virginia that ultimately opened up much more territory to European settlement?
Nathaniel Bacon
What was the term for the intellectual revolution, starting in Europe and spreading to America, that elevated reason, science, and logic?
the Enlightenment
Who was the most famous American Enlightenment thinker, a successful businessman, scientist, inventor, diplomat, and political thinker?
Benjamin Franklin
What colony was originally settled by the Dutch?
New York
Describe how the colonies fit into the English system of mercantilism. (what was the purpose of the colonies?)
supplied raw materials
bought manufactured goods from England
Who was the leader of a rebellion to secure his people against the influence of New England?
King Philip (Metacom)
How did mercantilism connect to slavery?
By fueling demand for cash crops and raw materials from colonies, mercantilism pushed plantation owners to acquire slaves for labor
Who was the Puritan preacher from Massachusetts who sparked widespread revival through his message of the need for God’s salvation?
Jonathan Edwards
Name three ways William Penn tried to treat Native Americans fairly.
–Learned native languages
–Paid fair prices for land
–Established trade regulations for dealing with Native Americans
What were the three principles of English mercantilism?
–Only English or other colonial merchants could trade with the colonies
–Certain American products could only be sold to England or other colonies
–Foreign goods intended for the colonies had to first pass through England and pay import duties (taxes)
How did the Enlightenment and the Great Awakening prepared the English colonies for independence?
By causing them to reject British authority
Give a general overview of the Atlantic Slave Trade (triangular trade).
African slaves sent to the New World, plantation products sent to Europe, and manufactured goods or rum sent to Africa and the New World
Who was the British philosopher and Enlightenment thinker known for his emphasis on the power of human reasoning?
John Locke