Unity and Gov't.
What phrase from the Founders expresses the idea that government should protect people's basic freedoms and rights?
"Natural rights" / "protection of natural rights" (accept: phrase like "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness").
What economic system required the colonies to send raw materials to Britain and buy British goods?
Mercantilism
What was a common nonviolent tactic colonists used to oppose British policies (e.g., against taxed goods)?
Boycotts, petitions, protests.
In what year did the Revolutionary War begin?
1775
What document, adopted in 1776, announced the colonies' reasons for seeking independence?
Declaration of Independence (1776)
Name two purposes of government listed in the Unit (choose any two).
Any two of: form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote general welfare, secure blessings of liberty.
Name one tax or act (prior to 1775) that angered colonists and briefly say why.
Accept: Stamp Act (required stamped paper), Townshend Acts, Tea Act, Navigation Acts, Quartering Act. Reason: taxed items, restricted trade, or forced quartering.
Who were the group that led direct actions such as protests and the Boston Tea Party?
Sons of Liberty
Which conflict (1754–1763) increased Britain's debt and led to increased taxation of the colonies?
French and Indian War (Seven Years' War).
What treaty in 1783 officially ended the Revolutionary War and recognized U.S. independence?
Treaty of Paris (1783)
Explain in one sentence how lack of "justice" or "protection of rights" contributed to colonial anger toward Britain.
Colonists felt laws and taxes were imposed without fair representation, violating their rights and justice, which caused anger.
What were the Navigation Acts designed to do?
To ensure colonial trade benefited Britain by restricting trade to British ships/markets.
Define "boycott" and give the Unit example of when colonists used one.
Boycott = refuse to buy certain goods; example: colonial boycotts of British tea and other taxed goods.
What laws passed in 1774 were meant to punish Massachusetts and unite other colonies in protest? (name)
Intolerable Acts (aka Coercive Acts).
What governing document gave the new United States a first, loose national government after the war?
Articles of Confederation
Which meeting in 1774 brought colonial leaders together to coordinate a response to the Intolerable Acts?
Continental Congress
How did the Stamp Act of 1765 differ in its effect on colonists compared to the Townshend Acts? (short explanation)
Stamp Act directly taxed many paper documents and affected a wide range of colonists, while Townshend Acts taxed specific imported goods and raised issues of external duties vs. internal taxes.
Describe the Boston Tea Party: who, what, when, and why (brief answer).
Boston Tea Party (1773): members of the Sons of Liberty boarded ships and dumped tea into Boston Harbor to protest the Tea Act and monopoly.
Put these events in order from earliest to latest: Stamp Act, Boston Tea Party, Intolerable Acts, French and Indian War.
Order: French and Indian War (1754–1763), Stamp Act (1765), Boston Tea Party (1773), Intolerable Acts (1774).
The Declaration of Independence lists "grievances" against the King. Name one grievance type (example) mentioned in the Unit.
Example grievance: taxation without representation, quartering troops among colonists, denying fair trials, dissolving legislatures.
Using the Unit's enduring understandings, explain how "What unifies people?" applied to colonists between 1761–1775 (short paragraph).
Student answers will vary; expect mention of shared grievances, united boycotts, and common purpose to protect rights.
Explain how mercantilism and post‑war British debt after the French and Indian War combined to create tensions that led to unrest (short paragraph).
Student answers should reference mercantilist policy, Britain's debt from the French and Indian War, and taxes like the Stamp Act/Townshend Acts as connected causes.
Evaluate: Was the Boston Tea Party an appropriate form of protest? Give two reasons supporting your position and one reason against (short paragraph).
Accept reasoned arguments; supporting reasons might include lack of representation and legal grievances; against might be that property damage was illegal or provocative.
Explain how the outcome of the French and Indian War led directly to the Proclamation of 1763 and why colonists disliked that proclamation (short paragraph).
Students should connect war debt → British taxation and the Proclamation line limiting westward settlement, annoying colonists who wanted western lands.
Analyze whether the Articles of Confederation met the Unit's idea of the "purpose of government" (provide one specific strength and one specific weakness).
Strength: united states under a common government; weakness: lack of central taxing power, weak federal authority—made managing postwar issues difficult.