Historical Figures of Behavior Modification
This person conducted experiments with dogs that uncovered the basic process of respondent conditioning.
Who is Ivan P. Pavlov?
The observer observes the client continuously throughout the observation period and records each occurrence of the behavior.
What is continuous recording?
A process of developing a target behavior that a person does not currently exhibit.
What is shaping?
Providing descriptive praise for some correct aspect of the performance immediately after the rehearsal.
What is step seven of BST?
The process of removing a child who was caught engaging in a problem behavior from a classroom, thereby removing his access to the reinforcers that were present in the room.
What is exclusionary time-out?
This person's work is considered the foundation of Behavior Modification.
Who is B.F. Skinner?
The process of obtaining behavioral information through the use of interviews, questionnaires, and rating scales.
What is indirect assessment?
A complex behavior consisting of many component behaviors that occur together in a sequence.
What is a behavioral chain?
Providing instructions and modeling the behavior in the proper context through role-play.
What is step 5 of BST?
The act of teaching a person a variety of ways that they might be required to pump gas into a car, thereby ensuring a higher chance of success if they are ever faced with an unfamiliar gas pump.
What is teaching functionally equivalent responses?
This person put cats in cages and discovered the "Law of Effect".
Who is Edward L. Thorndike?
The process of observing and recording target behaviors as they occur in natural settings.
What is direct observation?
When the target behavior automatically reduces or eliminates an aversive stimulus as a consequence of the behavior and the behavior is strengthened.
What is automatic negative reinforcement?
Assess the learner's skills in relevant stimulus situations to establish a baseline.
What is step 3 of BST?
What is a competing response?
This person wrote a parenting book instructing parents not to "hug or kiss" their children.
Who is John B. Watson?
When the client observes and records their own target behavior.
What is self-monitoring?
A behavioral procedure used to increase the frequency of a desirable behavior and to decrease the frequency of undesirable behaviors.
What is differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA)?
Enhance generalization of the mastered skills by practicing in progressively difficult situations.
What is step 10 of BST?
The act of depriving a child of desserts, sweets, and candy so that the potency of these treats is increased, therefor increasing motivation in the child to change their behavior when the treats are offered as a reward.
What is establishing operation (EO)?
This person put cats in cages to demonstrate that if a behavior produces a favorable effect on the environment, it will be more likely to be repeated in the future.
Who is Edward L. Thorndike?
The occurrence of observed behaviors are marked in an interval only when the behavior occurs throughout the entire interval.
What is whole-interval recording?
Antecedent stimuli are manipulated to evoke desirable behaviors, so that they can be differentially reinforced, and to decrease undesirable behaviors that interfere with the desirable behaviors.
What is antecedent control procedures (aka antecedent manipulations)?
Identify all relevant stimulus situations (discriminatory stimuli) in which the skills must be used.
What is step 2 of BST?
A school runs an ALICE drill by pretending an active shooter has entered the school as a way to assess the skills and knowledge the students have that would enable them to successfully survive an actual active shooter encounter in the future. The students are unaware that this is a drill and believe it is the real scenario.
What is an "in situ assessment"?