Etiology/Pathophys
these 3 amines are the best known, most understood, and first to be discovered neurotransmitters.
what are dopamine, norepi, and serotonin
this mood disorder is a state of persistent, elevated, and/or irritable mood lasting at least a week associated with inflated self-esteem, decreased need for sleep, and increase in pleasurable activities
what is mania
this is a differential for depression, and is ruled out by episodes of mania
what is bipolar
are there any diagnostic tests to specifically confirm psychiatric disorders?
no
this is the expected length of time for an SSRI to take effect.
what is 4-6 weeks
anxiety disorder differ from developmentally normal fear or anxiety by being excessive or persisting beyond appropriate periods and typically lasts how long?
6 months or more
this is the psychiatric diagnosis most commonly associated with suicide
MDD
this diagnosis has a superficial resemblance to obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, but is differentiated by pervasive obsessive and compulsions
OCD
what are 3 common serum labs to get when initially working up a patient for a mood disorder like depression?
CBC, CMP, TSH
blood levels of lithium should be closely monitored because toxicity can cause death or failure of what organ?
what are the kidneys
too much of this neurotransmitter is associated with mania, while too little of it is associated with depression
what is serotonin
this is a mental event that is characterized by recurrent and persistent thoughts, urges, or images that are intrusive and unwanted, and that cause anxiety or distress.
what is an obsession
most human behaviors, including bipolar and schizophrenia, are controlled by the interaction of multiple genes and environmental factors, or this term
multifactorial
This screening lab should be done especially on patients presenting to the ER
drug screen
SSRI and CBT
depression, bipolar, anxiety, and schizophrenia all often start after this kind of environmental factor
stressful event
anxiety is anticipation of a future event, while this is a response to real or perceived imminent threat
what is fear
anxiety is differentiated from panic disorder by the absence of this
what are spontaneous panic attacks
this provides a snapshot of the patient's symptoms at the time of the appointment, and is comprised of the provider's observations of the patient at the time of the interview.
what is the mental status exam.
patients with this diagnosis respond well to light therapy
this hypothesis states that symptoms of schizophrenia result from overactivity of the dopamine system, specifically the D2 receptor
dopamine hypothesis
these types of symptoms of schizophrenia represent a distortion of reality or excess of normal behavior, including delusions.
what are positive symptoms
what is the appropriate diagnosis when a manic or depressive syndrome develops with the major symptoms of schizophrenia
schizoaffective disorder
what phase of schizophrenia is usually associated with hospitalization?
acute phase
this class of drugs are the most effective treatment for the positive symptoms of schizophrenia
what are neuroleptics (antipsychotics)