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Names
Reinforce-
ments
Terms
Misc.
Learning
Strategies
100
Greatest behaviorist of the 20th century.
Who is B.F. Skinner?
100
A red light to signal that the behavior must stop.
What is punishment or punisher?
100
A synonym for learning.
What is conditioning?
100
Withholding attention for bad behavior - presumably to promote extinction of that behavior for lack of reinforcement.
What is time-out?
100
This is what is missing from the conceptual and practical benefits of behaviorism.
What are cognitive concepts?
200
Formulated the Law of Effect.
Who is E.L. Thorndike?
200
Any consequence to behavior that makes that behavior more likely to recur in the future (a green light to continue).
What is reinforce or reinforcement.
200
Actions of a trainer or teacher to evoke more effective behavior over time (Shamu).
What is shaping?
200
Prescribed systems of reinforcement, such as poker chips. The chips can then be exchanged later for toys or treats that are more directly appreciated by the students.
What is token economy?
200
The use of extrinsic awards.
What could undermine intrinsic motivation?
300
Won a Nobel Prize. Also known for his theory of classical conditioning.
Who is Ivan Pavlov?
300
Praise is used to encourage the same behavior in the future. The most direct application of operant conditioning to teaching.
What is positive reinforcement?
300
A behavior that is generated by the animal and has a random element.
What is operant?
300
An influential movement in education inspired by behavioristic principles.
What is Mastery Learning?
300
When a student misbehaves and the teacher's attention shifts immediately to the student ("Stop doing that!")
What is reinforcing undesired behavior?
400
Made the stunning claim for which he became famous: "Give me a dozen healthy infants, well-formed, and my own specified world to bring them up in and I'll guarantee to take anyone at random and train him to become any type of specialist I might select - doctor, lawyer, artist ..."
Who is John B. Watson?
400
When reinforcement is given every time the behavior occurs.
What is continuous reinforcement?
400
The study of learning in humans and animals as understood through the analysis of behavior rather than thoughts or feelings.
What is Behaviorism?
400
The shift toward using reinforcement instead of punishment is one of the lasting contributions to this theory.
What is Operant Conditioning theory?
400
The counterpoint to avoiding conditioning of negative emotions.
What is associating positive associations with learning?
500
Responsible for mastery learning and the premise that students learn at different states.
Who is Benjamn Bloom?
500
Involves removing an aversive stimulus. Getting into your car and hearing an annoying ding, ding, ding, until you fasten your seatbelt. Clicking the seatbelt buckle is reinforced by the removal of a stimulus - the irritating sound.
What is negative reinforcement?
500
This curriculum follows a highly prescribed logic that teachers are expected to follow closely.
What is programmed instruction?
500
Over time, behavior evolves gradually toward successfully greater approximations of its ideal form.
What are successive approximations?
500
This goal is to strengthen the new behavior so that it does not have to be reinforced every time.
What is switching to random reinforcement?