General
ESS
Evolutionary Stable Strategies
Monogomous
A mating strategy where there is a single male and female per season or for a lifetime
Peppered Moth
An example of natural selection
a strategy which if adopted by a population
cannot be invaded by any competing alternative
strategy
Evolutionary Stable Strategy
Due to a large investment in offspring ? are choosy or seek extra pair mating to maximise fitness?
Females
An introduction to behavioural ecology - Krebs and Davies
Females mating with multiple males
Polyandry
Bower Bird building a bower
An example of a sexually selected behaviour
rover and sitter
Example of two strategies that coexist in drosophilla larvae
Anisogamy
The uneven size of the sexual gametes
An animals lifetime reproductive success
fitness
lek
The gathering of males in a ritual area to advertise to females
Evolutionary arms race
When two species/or individuals of the same species impact a selection pressure on each other
Author of the selfish gene and pirate and fisher example with seagulls
Richard Dawkins
The reason why mammals are frequently polygynous
The large amount of investment in nursing from female mammals
Tinbergen's four questions
What is the mechanism for the behaviour?
How does the behaviour develop over a lifetime?
How effective is this behaviour for increasing the fitness of an animal?
How does the behaviour compare to related species?
Red Winged Blackbird
An example of polygyny with males sourcing extra pair mating/ offspring
The fact that roving fly larvae may benefit when in dense populations but it costs them to be more active
fitness trade off
Side Blotched Lizard
An example of three fluctuating male strategies. Not an ESS
Protoandrous
An organism that is male first