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What are abiotic factors in a ecosystem? Give 2 examples.
non-living things; rocks and water
What are biotic factors in a ecosystem?
Give 2 examples.
Living things, sharks and plants.
melting
Condensation
What do birds such as eagles and hawks need energy for?
Moving, running, eating, any activity
A population of deer lives in Canada. Over 50 years, the size of the deer population decreased. What best explains the decrease in the size of the deer population?
1. A lot of deer died and no deer were born.
2. Fewer deer were born than died.
3. The deer population is always decreasing because deer are always being eaten.
4. More deer were born than die
2. Fewer deer were born than died.
Scientists digging in a cave found an unknown substance. The scientists found that the substance’s molecules were moving around each other. The scientists increased the speed of the substance’s molecules and caused a phase change. How did the scientists do this, and how did this affect the substance?
Transfering energy into the substance, changing it to a gas.
What happens to molecules when their kinetic energy decreases?
They move slower/cool down
What happens to molecules when their kinetic energy increases?
They heat up/move faster
What does ESM stand for?
Energy Storage Molecule
Scientists have been studying the size of three populations in a grassland. In this ecosystem, hawks eat sparrows, and sparrows eat seeds from buckwheat. The data showed that all three populations were stable. Then the hawk population increased suddenly. What will likely happen to the size of the sparrow population as a result? Why?
They will decrease because the hawks eat sparrows, so if there are more of them then they will eat more sparrows, reducing the population.
Mario is making chocolate. In part of the chocolate-making process, he changed the phase from a liquid to a solid. How were the molecules moving before and how are they moving now?
Before: around each other
After: Moving in place
A scientist has two substances that she is testing in her lab: a pink substance and a green substance. At room temperature, both substances are liquids. The scientist transferred the same amount of energy into both substances. She finds only the pink substance changed phase. How is the pink substance different from the green substance?
The pink has a weaker attraction than the green substance.
The sun has been up for several hours, and it has been shining on these trees. What can the trees do because they are in sunlight? What does this mean for the number of energy storage molecules in the trees?
The trees can use photosynthesis, creating more ESM.
What is a example of a producer?
Plants!
Scientists have been studying the size of three populations in a grassland. In this ecosystem, snakes eat rats, and rats eat grasshoppers. The data showed that all three populations were stable. Then the grasshopper population decreased suddenly. What will likely happen to the size of the rat population as a result? Why?
The rat population will decrease because less food means there will be less rats able to reproduce.
The fuel tank of an airplane has a device that measures the fuel’s temperature. Before the airplane took off, the temperature of the fuel was 27°C. After the airplane had been flying for one hour, the temperature of the fuel had decreased to 3°C. Describe the movement of the molecules and how it changed.
The molecules slowed down.
These goats are eating grass on a sunny day. What is happening to the carbon in the air around the living things on the mountain? Is carbon moving into the air, moving out of the air, or both?
Carbon is moving into the air from the goats, and out of the air from photosynthesis.
Scientists are studying photosynthesis in a forest ecosystem that has plants, animals, and decomposers (which consume dead things). Which group or groups of organisms in the forest carry out photosynthesis?
producers
A herd of deer lives in a forest where they eat the leaves of trees. The number of energy storage molecules in the trees and in the deer has increased. What has happened to the amount of carbon in the trees and in the deer?
It also increases because the ESM contains carbon.
Lily has an aquarium with water, plants, and fish that eat the plants. The aquarium is sealed so no material can get in or out, and has glass sides that allow light to come in. The aquarium can also be covered to prevent light from entering. The number of energy storage molecules in the plants and fish started out low, but that number has been increasing over time. Has the aquarium been in sunlight or has it been covered during this time? What has happened to the carbon in the water?
The aquarium has been in sunlight, and there is less carbon in the water.
Scientists are studying cellular respiration in a jungle ecosystem that has plants, animals, and decomposers (which consume dead things). Which group or groups of organisms in the jungle carry out cellular respiration?
all organisms in the jungle
Giant kelp are plantlike organisms that grow in clear ocean water. Over the last few hours some kelp has been taking in carbon from the water around it. Is the kelp in sunlight? What has happened to the number of energy storage molecules in the kelp?
is in sunlight, and the number of energy storage molecules in the kelp has increased.
An ivy plant has been taking in carbon from the air for several hours. Is the ivy in sunlight? What has happened to the number of energy storage molecules in the ivy?
is in sunlight. The number of energy storage molecules in the ivy has increased.
What is the correct way to spell my last name?
FEAGLER