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Text Structure
Context Clues
Tone
Central Idea
Seminal Documents
100
Provides a series of events that take place in a time order
What is chronological?
100
Since our team will not make the playoffs this year, the results of the remaining games are pretty much inconsequential. The term inconsequential means
What is not important *synonyms will be accepted
100
The attitude of the speaker/author towards the subject
What is tone
100
The central, unifying element of the story, which ties together all of the other elements used by the author
What is central idea?
100
Documents of historical and literary significance (e.g., Washington's Farewell Address, the Gettysburg Address, Roosevelt's Four Freedoms speech, King's “Letter from Birmingham Jail”).
What are U.S. seminal documents?
200
Many Bald Eagles were killed by pesticides and illegal hunting. They were in danger of becoming extinct.
What is cause and effect?
200
When John received the job offer, he was so overcome with felicity that he could barely find the words to accept it. The term felicity means
What is intense happiness *synonyms will be accepted
200
A vaccine is a preparation of killed or weakened germs that is injected under the skin and causes the blood to produce antibodies against the disease. Effective vaccines, for instance, have been developed for small pox, rabies, and polio.
Objective *similar tone words may be accepted
200
Some writers may state the central idea, but it is often implied, which means the reader has to determine what is being said and what they already know
What is an inference?
200
The art of using language to persuade, influence beliefs and/or achieve a desired purpose
What is rhetoric?
300
Same as As well as On the other hand As opposed to Different from
What are signal words for compare and contrast?
300
One might think that the child would be afraid of such a large animal, but the intrepid young girl ran up to the beast and began scratching it behind the ears. The term intrepid means
fearless or daring
300
What’s the matter with those idiots in the city council? First they pass new parking regulations saying we can’t park our cars in front of our own houses without a special permit. Now they’ve gone and slapped another tax on gas purchase—just to widen a road that’s already wide enough. Anyway, nobody enjoys the traffic delays resulting from road construction. The sooner we vote those incompetents out, the better off we’ll all be.
Angry
300
In order to identify the central idea, the reader must look closely at this information in the text
What are supporting details?
300
Ethos, Pathos and Logos - Persuasive strategies, used in arguments to support claims and respond to opposing arguments.
What are rhetorical appeals?
400
First, find the 'App Store' icon and tap it to access the store. You can either browser the 'New' and 'What's hot' categories to find an app you like the look of. Alternatively, use the Search button at the bottom left of the screen to look for specific apps. Next, the App Store will display a list of matching apps. Simply tap an app to see a further description of it. You can then tap the 'buy' or 'free button' which is displayed on the right-hand side of the app description screen to download it. Finally you'll be prompted to enter your iTunes password Click OK and you'll automatically leave the app store.
What is sequence?
400
Clyde could no longer tolerate the derision of his classmates, who would refer to him by no other name than Potty-Pants Clyde, so he transferred schools. The term derision means
what is disrespectful mocking or ridicule
400
Botulism, a type of rare, severe food poisoning, has been reported recently in New Jersey. It is believed that the victim, who is in critical condition at a local hospital, was stricken after eating from a jar of incorrectly preserved homegrown green beans from last summer’s garden. It has been ten years since the last instance of botulism poisoning was reported in the state.
Tragic
400
How a text’s central idea is developed is directly related to the author’s reason for writing.
What is the author's purpose?
400
Abstract ideas that an author or speaker discusses in their speech/document.
What are concepts?
500
Addiction to video games is a growing struggle. An affected individual who is deprived of video games may experience anger, depression and feelings of emptiness. Patience is always important when you’re helping someone recover from a serious video game addiction. By simply being there for that person, you can help these withdrawal symptoms. Find ways to prevent any negative reactions that the addict may have. For instance, create new ways to spend time through sports and other possible hobbies. With the right responses to video game addiction, the addicted player may soon ease up on gaming.
What is problem and solution?
500
The women were aware that, although they had been left behind to fend for themselves, the people had done them a good deed by leaving them with all their possessions. They suspected that the chief was responsible for this small kindness. Other, less noble, members of the band would have decided to that the two women soon would die and would have pilfered everything except for the warm fur and skin clothing they wore. The term pilfered means
to steal
500
We are seriously failing our nation’s teenagers when it comes to education concerning AIDS. Somehow we must convince them, without delay, that this terrible illness can happen to them, not just to isolated groups in big cities. Let’s give them the information they need to protect themselves—before it’s too late.
What is passionate, urgent, or pressing?
500
Niagara Falls is one of the most beautiful sights in North America. It is on the Niagara River about halfway between Lake Ontario and Lake Erie. Niagara Falls is on the American and Canadian border. The American Falls is 167 feet high. On the Canadian side, the Horseshoe Falls is 161 feet high. What is the central idea?
Niagra Falls is one of the most beautiful sights in North America
500
Which rhetorical appeals are used in the following excerpt from Martin Luther King Jr.’s “I Have a Dream” speech? “I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.”
What is pathos?