Forces & Motion
A push or pull on an object is called a ____.
force
The lowest point of a transverse wave is called the ____.
trough
Animals that eat only plants are called ____.
herbivore
Scientists test hypotheses; engineers test ____.
prototypes
When light bends as it enters a new material (like water or glass) it is called ____.
refraction
3 states of matter
solid liquid gas
The range of all types of electromagnetic waves is called the ____.
electromagnetic spectrum
This force slows down motion when two surfaces rub against each other.
friction
If the amplitude of a wave increases, the wave carries more ____.
A synonym for herbivore (___troph)
autotroph
A variable in an experiment that you purposely change is the ____.
Independent variable
When light bounces off a surface (like a mirror) it is called ____.
reflection
Electrons have a _____charge
Negative
When light hits a surface and bounces back it is called_______.
reflection
Seatbelts help protect passengers because of which of Newton’s Laws?
Newton's First Law
The distance between the crest and amplitude of a transverse wave is 144cm. Find the amplitude.
72cm
The ecological role an organism plays in its environment is its ____.
niche
Evidence collected during an experiment to support or reject claims is called ____.
data
A black object appears black because it does this to most light that hits it.
absorbs it
What are the 3 subatomic particles?
proton neutron electron
Light that passes straight through a material (like clear glass) is said to be ____.
transparent
If you double the mass of an object but keep the force the same, the object will accelerate ____.
slower/less
What are the two types of waves we simulated during our spring toy lab?
Transverse and longitudinal
Describe the ecological role of decomposers.
Decomposers break down dead/decaying matter and recycle nutrients back into the soil.
Define inquiry.
asking questions, gaining knowledge/obtaining information
Define science
study of the natural world
What is it called when a gas changes into a liquid?
condensation
The bending of light in a rainbow or prism is caused by this wave behavior.
refraction
Describe two of Newton's Laws of Motion (there are 3 total)
Law of inertia
Law of accel.
Law of action reaction
In longitudinal waves, energy vibrates ______ to the direction of energy. (Parallel or perpendicular)
Parallel
Define ecology.
the relationships between organisms and and their physical surroundings.
Explain why the scientific method is a linear process.
follows a particular set of steps
Explain how energy moves from the Sun to a hawk sitting at the top of a food chain.
sun-plant-consumer-hawk
What is the difference between mass and weight?
mass is the amount of matter in an object. weight involves the force of gravity
Shorter wavelength light has more of this than longer wavelength light.
energy