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Physical & Chemical Properties & Changes
Periodic Table
Atoms
Vocabulary
Flashback
100
What are properties?
A characteristic of a substance that can be observed
100
What are the rows called? What are the columns called?
Rows: periods; there are 7 periods Columns: groups or family; there are 18 groups
100
What is a compound? Give an example of a compound.
Compound: substance created by 2 or more elements joined together. Examples: H20; CO2
100
How do you calculate the density of an object?
Mass / Volume = Density
100
How do you cure a bacterial infection?
Antibiotics
200
In order to change from one state of matter to another (ie. from a solid to a liquid), you need the addition or subtraction of this?
HEAT
200
The Periodic Table is separated into three categories: metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. Where is the location of each of these on the table? 50 point bonus: What are metalloids?
Metalloids: staircase Metals: left of the staircase Nonmetals: right of the staircase Metalloids have properties of metals and nonmetals
200
What is the charge of each of the following particles of an atom? 1. Proton 2. Neutron 3. Electron 50 point bonus: What two particles form the nucleus?
1. Proton: positive charge 2. Neutron: neutral charge 3. Electron: negative charge Bonus: protons and neutrons form the nucleus of an atom
200
You mix sugar with water. The sugar dissolves because it has this physical property.
SOLUBILITY: the ability to dissolve
200
1. Name the type of cell that is single celled, does not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles, and the DNA is free floating. An example is bacteria. 2. Name the type of cell that is multicellular, has a nucleus and organgelles, and has DNA in the nucleus. An example is an animal cell.
1. Prokaryotic cell 2. Eukaryotic cell
300
Is water boiling into steam a PHYSICAL or CHEMICAL change? Why?
When water boils, it changes the appearance, but it is still made of H20. It has the same composition (it is still made of the same thing).
300
List two ways the Periodic Table is organized:
1. Groups 2. Periods 3. Atomic number 4. Metals/metalloids/nonmetals
300
Substance A has a mass of 8 grams. Substance B has a mass of 3 grams. If the two chemicals are mixed and a complete reaction takes place, what is the mass of the product?
8 grams + 3 grams = 11 grams Mass of the product: 11 grams
300
What does it mean that aluminum foil is MALLEABLE?
It can be flattened into a thin sheet
300
1. What is an outbreak of an infectious disease that spreads throughout human population across a small area or region? 2. What is a widespread outbreak of an infectious disease that affects multiple countries?
1. Epidemic 2. Pandemic
400
Is rusting a physical or chemical change? Why?
Chemical change - the substance is changing into something else. Example: the rusted steel wool is not the same as the regular steel wool
400
How do you find the number of neutrons in an element?
Atomic mass - Atomic number = Neutrons
400
If a chemical reaction begins with 8 Nitrogen atoms in the reactants, how many Nitrogen atom should be in the products? 100 point bonus: What is this law called?
8 Nitrogen atoms Law of Conservation of Mass
400
What does the physical property DUCTILITY mean? Give an example of one thing that is ductile.
Ductility: can be stretched into a thin wire Example: chewing gum
400
Explain one benefit of modern biotechnology.
1. Genetically modified food - produces more crops, which in turn feeds larger populations 2. Healthcare - newer medicines for diseases like diabetes
500
You are given an unknown substance. Explain one way you can identify the unknown substance.
Example: You can observe the color and texture of the object. You can measure the volume and mass of the object to find the density. You can compare the density of the unknown substance to other substances.
500
How are elements in the same group alike?
Elements in the same group have the same number of valance electrons
500
List the three types of matter. What do the atoms in those three types of matter look like?
1. Solid: atoms are packed tight without much movement 2. Liquid: atoms are sliding over each other with some movement 3. Gas: atoms are bouncing around with lots of movement
500
What is CONDUCTIVITY?
The ability to conduct electric current
500
Explain what a clinical trial is.
Scientist test new drugs on human subjects who have a specific disease. They track how the subjects are doing to see if their conditions are improving. If the drug works, it may be released to the public.