Gagaku Basics
The Japanese court nobles
Which percussion instrument is popular outside of the gagaku orchestra?
Taiko
What is another term for the koto?
The "floor harp"
What is the main difference between the ryuteki and the komabue?
The komabue is thinner and has a more delicate sound.
Who is banned from participating in Kabuki?
Women and children
In English, gagaku translates to...?
"Elegant music"
Which of the Gagaku percussion instruments is considered a gong, not a drum?
Shoko
What is the biwa's role in the gagaku orchestra?
Emphasize the steady beat / Emphasize the first beat of every measure with a chord
The sho is used to play __________ chords with 5-6 pitches at a time.
Aitake
Which major historical event(s) posed a threat to both Noh and Kabuki?
WWII and post-WWII Westernization
Many gagaku works begin with a _____________ solo.
Bamboo flute (will also accept hichiriki, ryuteki, or komabue)
Which percussion instrument plays the most complex material?
Kakko
What is the koto's role in the gagaku orchestra?
Embellishing the harmonies / Reinforcing the chords the biwa plays.
What is a transverse flute?
A flute that is held sideways
What kind of audience is Kabuki popular with?
Commoners
Because of trade routes and immigration, Gagaku was influenced by the music of which three other countries?
Korea, China, and India (Middle East also accepted)
Which percussion instrument emphasizes the "halfway point" of the drum pattern?
Taiko
The biwa falls into this category of string instruments:
Lute
Why is the inside of the hichiriki pipe lacquered?
To protect it from moisture/mold
Identify Noh's two main audiences throughout its history.
1. People worshipping at Shinto shrines
2. The Shogunate / samurais
1. Kangen
2. Bugaku
3. Kayo
4. Kagura
1. Instrumental
2. Music/dance
3. Song/poetry
4. Ceremonial
What is the term for the "halfway point" of each drum pattern?
Obachi
What is the term for the pick used to play the biwa?
Pleculum
1. Which instrument(s) reinforces/embellishes harmonies?
2. Which instrument(s) plays more complex material?
1. Sho
2. Hichiriki, ryuteki, komabue
Name the father and son duo who "completed" Noh in the 13th century.
Kanami and Zeami