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Med Surge
Cardiac
Respiratory
Labs
100
A. Blood Body Fluids
A paitent with Hep B asks the nurse how he contracted the disease. The nurse responds, knowing that Hep B is transmitted via: A. Blood B. Contaminated Blood C. Feces D. Skin
100
A patient is seen in the emergency room for a myocardial infarction. The patient's chest pain began around 11 a.m. after doing morning chores. By 1 p.m. the pain did not improve, so his wife drove him to the emergency room. The nurse anticipates the physician will order: A. Atropine, nitroglycerine, and telemetry B. Nitroglycerine, telemetry, and tissue, plasminogen activator (tPA) C. Nitroglycerine, streptokinase, and aspirin D. Aspirin, stress test and troponin-l levels
B. Nitroglycerine, telemetry, and tissue, plasminogen activator (tPA) Thrombolytic therapy can be given within 4 hours of symptom onset.
100
An African-American Patient is experiencing respiratory distress due to an asthma exacerbation. The nurse assess the patient for cyanosis by inspecting the: A. Nail beds B. Lips C. Mucous membranes D. Eyes
C. Mucous membranes Mucous membranes are not affected by skin color
100
The nurse reviews the following arterial blood gases and understands that the patient has which acid-base imbalance? pH 7.49, PCO2 41, HCO3 38 A. Compensated metabolic alkalosis B. Uncompensated metabolic acidosis C. Uncompensated metabolic alkalosis D. Compensated respiratory acidosis
C. Uncompensated metabolic alkalosis
200
The nurse is encouraging a patient with peripheral vascular disease (PVD) to start a progressive exercise program. The nurse explains that exercise: A. Reduces body weight B. Improves collateral circulation C. Promotes venous return D. Increase HDLs
C. Promotes venous return Exercise improves circulation
200
A patient with asthma is undergoing pulmonary function tests to determine the severity of his disease. In order to interpret the results, the nurse should be familiar with terminology associated with this diagnostic test. Which of the following refers to the volume of air that can be forcibly exhaled after full inspiration? A. Forced tital volume B. Peak expiratory flow C. Forced expiratory flow D. Forced vital capacity
D. Forced vital capacity Forced vital capacity is the volume of air that can be forcibly exhaled after full inspiration
200
The nurse reviews the lab results of a patient at risk for thrombocytopenia. The patient's platelet count is 175,000 cells/mm3. The next appropriate action by the nurse is to: A. Document the normal results B. Notify the physician of the abnormally high platelet count C. Notify the physician of the abnormally low platelet count D. Place the patient on bleeding precautions
A. Document the normal results norm 150,000-400,000
300
The nurse is assessing a patient with coronary artery disease that has been hospitalized for 3 days. The nurse notes +3 edema and crackles in the lungs. Which of the following should the nurse do next? A. Review the intake and output records since admission B. Request an order for daily weights C. Request an increase in diuretic dosage D. Request a sodium restricted diet
A. Review the intake and output records since admission Intake greater than output leads to fluid overload
300
The nurse is assessing a patient with a barrel chest. The nurse explains to the patient that this is caused by which disease? A. Bronchitis B. Pneumonia C. Emphysema D. Asthma
C. Emphysema hyperinflation of the lungs
300
A patient who has undergone neck surgery for removal of the parathyroid gland states that he is experiencing muscle twitching and spasms. The physician orders blood tests to confirm the diagnosis. The nurse expects that: A. Serum calcium is high B. Serum calcium level is low C. PTH levels are high D. Phosphate levels are high
B. Serum calcium level is low Hypocalcemia causes muscle twitching and spasms
400
The nurse is doing an admission assessment on patient with a left ventricle myocardial infarction. Which signs and symptoms of left-sided heart failure should the nurse look for? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY A. Cyanosis of the lips B. Dry Cough C. Leg Edema D. Pulmonary Crackles E. Ascites F. Jugular Vein Distention
A, B, D Caused by pooling of blood in pulmonary circulation
400
The nurse is caring for a patient after undergoing a right thoracotomy. When caring for this patient with a chest tube, the nurse should: A. Encourage deep breathing and coughing B. Clamp the tube once per day C. Notify the physician if there are fluctuations in the water seal chamber D. Milke the chest tube to facilitate draining
C. Notify the physician if there are fluctuations in the water seal chamber Encourages drainage and prevent pneumonia
400
A patient is at the clinic for cholesterol testing. Given the following results which value is abnormal? A. Total Cholesterol, 180 mg/dL B. HDL, 35 mg/dL C. LDL, 120 mg/dL D. Triglycerides, 120 mg/dL
B. HDL, 35 mg/dL Below 60 indicates increased risk for heart disease
500
A patient with Raynaud's disease is admitted to the hospital with cyanotic fingers and extreme pain. To find a cause for the acute attack, the nurse asks if the symptoms occur with: A. Prolonged bedrest B. Ingestion of alcohol C. Exposure to extreme heat D. Ingestion of caffeinated beverages
D. Ingestion of caffeinated beverages Attacks precipitated by stress, cold, caffeine, and smoking
500
The nurse is caring for a patient suspected of having a pulmonary embolism. The patient complains of chest pain and a low grade fever. Which of the following signs and symptoms would support this diagnosis? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY A. Headache B. Blood tings sputum C. Thick sputum D. Tachycardia E. Bradycardia F. Shortness of Breath
B, D, E
500
The nurse is reviewing the lab results of a jaundice patient suspected of having liver disease. The nurse would expect to note: SELECT ALL THAT APPLY A. A rise in albumin B. A rise in bilirubin C. A rise in aspartate transaminase D. A decrease in bilirubin E. A decrease in albumin
B, C, E