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Vygotsky
Competence
Models/Programs
100
The distance between the actual developmental level as determined by independent problem solving and the level of potential development as determined through problem solving under adult guidance or in collaboration with more capable peers.
What is Zone of Proximal Development?
100
What speakers use to get and give basic information.
What is the referential function?
100
Krashen's theory of SLA (1982).
What is the Monitor Model?
200
Follows Personal Invention.
What is Social Convention?
200
What speakers use to show their attitude toward what they are saying.
What is the expressive function?
200
Schumann's thought that language acquisition can best be understood by looking at what happens when people from one cultural group are transplanted into a new setting.
What is Acculturation Model?
300
Ideas we develop fairly directly from everyday experience.
What are Spontaneous concepts?
300
What speakers use to mark their social identity.
What is the integrative function?
300
Native English speakers are taught language through content instruction in a second language. English is introduced in second grade or later.
What is Enriched Immersion?
400
Abstract ideas that societies use to organize and categorize experiences.
What are Scientific concepts?
400
The verbal and nonverbal communication strategies that may be called into action to compensate for breakdowns in communication due to performance variables or due to insufficient competence.
What is Strategic competence?
400
English language learners are given 2-3 years ESL content support services and then integrated into all English instruction.
What is ESL Pullout or Push-in Content Instruction?
500
What Chomsky claims we acquire when we learn a first or second language.
What is grammar?
500
What a speaker can do under the best conditions.
What is Competence?
500
Cummins' Icebergs
What is Common Underlying Proficiency Model?