Other (s)
Who conducted the study in the article?
Mark Hegel and Robert Ferguson
Who is the participant in the study?
a 28-year-old male who had sustained a severe head injury in a motor vehicle accident 10 years earlier.
what are the problem behaviours they are collecting in the study?
instance of kicking and grabbing at people or object
what is the result when the DRO procedures was first implemented with a fixed, 30 minutes interval?
sharp reduction in frequency of aggressive behaviour (day shift)
this/ it can result to a significant neurobehavioral and social functioning impairment.
severe brain injury/ brain injury
what are specific neurological impairment on the male patient?
ataxia marked by extreme spasticity of all limbs (on a wheelchair with no ability to communicate using spoken language)
Prior to the baseline, what does the patient have to do to gain attention or social interaction?
a call bell
what is the result when DRO procedure of 1 hour variable-interval reinforcement schedule was implemented?
sharp reduction in frequency of aggressive behaviour
what is DRO of differential reinforcement of other behaviour?
reinforcement is given to any response except to the target behaviour or problem behaviour.
what is the majority of the patient’s activity?
sitting on his wheelchair in and around the nursing station deck
what are the reinforcing events of the patient?
yogurt dispends in a medicine cup, a 5-minute tour outside the facility, radio or music listening for 5 minutes and 5-minute card game with a staff member
what are the two additional finding on those noted in earlier studies?
building on desired, alternative behaviour through systematic reinforcement has the effect of reducing functionally related although topographically dissimilar, aggressive behaviour, target behaviour did not decrease in a specific setting unless the DRO procedure was specifically implemented in a specific setting.
an estimated ____ occurs annually in the United States.
325, 000
what are the aggressive behaviour of the patient?
grabbing at passersby, kicking objects or passerby, making disruptive vocalisation while engaging in kicking or grabbing
what are the two things the patient has to exhibit during the DRO procedure?
use of appropriate methods for gaining attention and communication and sitting quietly for increasing length of time.
what does this study suggest?
brain injured individuals with problematic behaviour should be assessed across multiple setting, and intervention should be designed with implemented across various contexts in mind.
what is the role of a psychologist (said on the article)?
to design and implement milieu and individual behaviour programs aimed at maximizing therapeutic regimes and reducing problem behaviour.
what are the aggressive behaviour negatively reinforced by
termination of aversive station of boredom and attentional deprivation
what are the three-instruction given to the staff if the patient engaged in a target behaviour during the prescribed time interval?
deliver a stern but brief reprimand and not speak to him further, record the incident and time of the behaviour checklist, reset the timer
what other form of research in the procedure is need?
multiple baseline design across setting, multiple baseline design across subjects and randomised, controlled, between group designs.