Definitions
A phenomenon that occurs when someone is at risk of confirming a negative stereotype about one’s group. (Steele, Aronson, 1995.)
What is stereotype threat?
After receiving 20-minute education interventions, faculty’s implicit biases improved, but this did not change. (Girod et al., 2016)
What are explicit biases?
The use of policies, legislation, programs, and procedures to improve the educational or employment opportunities of members of certain demographic groups as a remedy to the effects of long-standing discrimination. (Merriam-Webster)
What is affirmative action?
an indefinite academic appointment that can be terminated only for cause or under extraordinary circumstances
What is tenure?
High demands to teach additional service courses, join diversity initiatives, and mentor students cause underrepresented faculty to experience this phenomenon.
What is burnout?
Standardized tests still do this even though it was proven to trigger stereotype threats and inhibit the performance of underrepresented students.
What are identity questions prior to testing?
This phenomenon occurs automatically and unintentionally; it affects judgments, decisions, and behaviors. (National Institute of Health)
What is Implicit Bias?
For women to achieve the same rating as men as job candidates, they need 2.5 times more of these. (Medical Research Council of Sweden)
What are publications?
These are not an objective measure of intelligence and are rooted in eugenics.
What are standardized tests?
Discrimination on the basis of membership in a marginalized ethnic group based on systems established within an institution or organization.
What is institutional racism?
Nearly half of the Black and Latina women in STEM have been mistaken for this in the office. (Williams, Phillips, & Hall, 2016)
What are administrative or custodial staff?
Passed after WWII ended, this law paid for veterans to attend college and vocational training, but Black veterans were largely excluded. This caused the wealth and education gap in the United States to increase.
What is the GI Bill of Rights?
verbal, behavioral or environmental slights, whether intentional or unintentional, that communicate hostile, derogatory, or negative attitudes toward marginalized groups (Sue DW, 2010)
What are microaggresions?
This is proven to be more effective at stopping prejudice behaviour than consciously overriding biases?
What is changing implicit associations or unconscious bias?
Because of this culture in academics and among review panels, faculty of color receive tenure less frequently.
What is the old-boys club?