Big Bang Theory
The Big Bang was not actually and explosion, but rather a/an __________ of space itself
Expansion
Which elements were formed during recombination?
hydrogen and helium
What does redshift indicate about a distant galazy?
That it is moving away from us
Stars produce heat and light by
Nuclear Fusion
apparent brightness of a star
luminosity
According to the Big Bang Theory, the universe began as a/an ______________.
singularity
What particles were present in the extremely hot, early universe?
quarks and gluons
The Doppler Effect describes how the ___________ of waves changes based on the motion of the source.
Frequency
During nuclear fusion _________ atoms combine to form __________ atoms
Hydrogen; helium
What two characteristics are used to classify stars on the HR diagram?
temperature and luminosity
What happened to the universe as it expanded after the Big Big?
it began to cool
What process occurred when electrons combined with protons and neutrons to form simple atoms?
recombination
The CMB was accidentally discovered by ______________ and ___________ in 1965
Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson
How often does the sun rotate?
once every 30 days
What group on the HR diagram is our sun located in?
the Main Sequence
What is the Cosmic Background Radiation?
radiation that is the afterglow of the Big Bang
The formation of light elements during the first few minutes after the Big Bang is know as
Big Bang nucleosynthesis
The stretching of light to longer wavelengths is known as
redshift
What is the chart used to classify stars?
The HR diagram (Hertzprung-Russel)
What color of stars are the hottest?
blue/white
singularity
What caused matter to clump together and eventually form stars and galaxies?
gravity
Observations show that about 75% of the universe's normal matter is hydrogen and about 25% is helium by mass, with trace amounts of ______
lithium
Every second, the Sun converts 700 million tons of _________ into helium
hydrogen
The higher on the diagram a star is, what happens to the size of the star?
it gets larger