Old aint dead
Production
Control
Effects/Factors
Uh oh Labeling
Final Jeopardy
100
The branch of science that studies language.
What is linguistics?
100
This is the model of language production that we learned.
What is the LRM (or, "Lemma") Model?
100
In bilinguals, languages are described as being this, thus control mechanisms are necessary to use them correctly.
What is 'competitive'?
100
This is what AoA stands for.
What is Age of Acquisition (or Appropriation)?
100
Involved in language control in bilinguals, the area of the brain highlighted (purple) below.
What is the ACC?
100
TOPIC:
Bilingual Language Control
In bilinguals, asymmetrical switch costs are the phenomenon wherein switching away from this language leads to a greater switch cost than switching away from the other one.
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What is L2?
200
The process of auditory comprehension by which the brain calculates which frequencies are modulated over time.
What is spectrotemporal analysis?
200
Of the two parts of the model of language production that we learned, this is the name of the conceptual side.
What is Lexical Selection?
200
Bilinguals in a dense code-switching context would rely on this control mechanism, according to the ACH.
What is Opportunistic Planning?
200
The name of the model of neural adaptation to second language acquisition.
What is the Dynamic Restructuring Model?
200
This is the name of this specific region of the brain (in red) which performs the most fundamental aspect of language comprehension.
What is pdSTG?
300
This term describes the frequency-based layout of the gradients in the primary auditory processing area of the brain.
What is tonotopy?
300
An "abstract word node" that serves as a 'pointer.'
What is a lemma?
300
The temporal cost of changing from one language to another, due to the necessity of control mechanisms in language control.
What is a switch cost?
300
One might use this image-based task to test a bilingual's L1 or L2 proficiency.
What is the MINT-Sprint?
300
The name of this area of the brain (red), which teams up with a neighboring region to accomplish the control mechanism of conflict monitoring in bilinguals during language processing.
What is the Pre-SMA?
400
A term representing the idea that the brain's ability to process language is a composite of many different biologies that are not necessarily language-related.
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What is 'emergent'?
400
Of the two parts of the the model of language production, this is the part that features competition.
What is Lexical Selection?
400
A bilingual in a dual-language context would engage this control mechanism, which would (when necessary) subsequently initiate control mechanisms like selective response inhibition and task engagement/disengagement.
What is Salient Cue Detection?
400
For instance, when discussing this aspect/factor of a bilingual's language experience, one might call them 'compartmentalized.'
What is entropy?
400
The area of the brain seen below is associated with which of the five steps of the model of language production that we learned?
What is the Lemma Node?
500
In the language comprehension model we learned, the pMTG and pITS are the location of this part, which serves as a 'pointer' to word meanings.
What is the Lexical Interface?
500
In the model of language production that we learned, the grey matter most associated with the Syllable Node.
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What is the Left pIFG?
500
Bilinguals put this type/category of control mechanisms into use before conflict arises.
What is a Proactive Control mechanism?
500
Aside from AoA, research suggests this factor of the bilingual experience directly influences the amount of overlap between L1 and L2 neural representation.
What is Linguistic Distance?
500
In bilinguals, the control mechanism associated with activation in the region of the brain seen below (yellow).
What is goal maintenance?
600
This skill is directly related to the cortico-basal gangliar-thalamic loop, a white matter tract and neurobiological prerequisite of language.
What is vocal learning?
600
The name of the break between the two parts of the model of language production, crossing which is "not entirely a trivial matter."
What is the Major Rift?
600
The grey matter area of a bilingual's brain most implicated, uniquely, in language-switching.
What is the Caudate?
600
This processing occurs in cortical regions during Stage 2 of the model of bilinguals' neural adaptation to language acquisition, while subcortical regions undergo the opposite process.
What is renormalization?
600
Of the five steps in the model of language production that we learned, this is the name of the step most associated with the area of grey matter circled below in black.
What is the Conceptual Node?