Shades of Yellow
This form of bilirubin is water-soluble and detectable in urine
Conjugated (direct) bilirubin
First-line imaging for suspected gallstones
RUQ U/S
Most common inherited caused of unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia
Gilbert Syndrome
Gold Standard surgical treatment for symptomatic cholelithiasis
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Simultaneous dilation of CBD and pancreatic duct on CT is called this sign
Double-duct sign
This enzyme converts unconjugated bilirubin to conjugated form in the hepatocyte
UGT1A1
This classic exam finding involves inspiratory arrest during deep RUQ palpation
Murphy Sign
Syndrome with grossly dark liver due to melanin-like pigment deposition
Dubin-Johnson Syndrome
Definitive surgical procedure for resectable pancreatic head cancer
Pancreaticoduodenectomy (Whipple)
Non-invasive imaging modality giving a cholangiogram without ERCP risks
MRCP
Bilirubin is a breakdown product of this molecule, primarily from hemoglobin
Heme
The most common cause of acute cholangitis
Choledocholithiasis
Severe inherited disorder requiring phototherapy + transplant due to absent UGT1A1
Crigler-Najjar Type 1
In Tokyo Guidelines, Grade III cholangitis requires this urgent intervention
Biliary drainage + ICU admission
On HIDA scan, GB non-visualization at 4 hours suggests this diagnosis
This percentage of the US population has Gilbert syndrome
3-7%
Name the three components of Charcot's triad
Fever, Jaundice, RUQ pain
Adding altered mental status and hypotension to Charcot's triad defines this entity
Reynolds pentad
Approximate percentage of pancreatic cancers resectable at presentation
~20%
Imaging modality with highest accuracy for occult CBD stones when US is negative
Endoscopic Ultrasound
Name the two transporters responsible for sinusoidal reuptake (deficient in Rotor)
OATP1B1 and OATP1B3
Per ASGE, recommended approach for a HIGH-risk choledocholithiasis patient
This drug induces residual UGT1A1 activity in CN-II but NOT in CN-I
Phenobarbital
JAMA Surg 2018 network meta-analysis: this combined approach had highest SUCRA for managing gallstone disease with common bile duct stones
Lap chole + intraoperative ERCP (87.2%)
SUCRA stands for Surface Under the Cumulative Ranking Curve. It is a statistical method used in network meta-analyses to rank multiple treatments against each other when direct head-to-head comparisons don't exist for every pair.
Three classic US findings of acute cholecystitis (besides stones)
Gallbladder wall thickening > 3mm, pericholecystic fluid, sonographic murphys sign