Biological Organization
Which biological organization contains all life on earth?
The Biosphere
What is a process of biological change in which species accumulate differences from their ancestors as they adapt to different environments over time.
Evolution
What is an atom?
the smallest unit of matter that still retains the properties of an element.
Different atomic forms of the same element
What is a covalent bond?
the sharing of a pair of valence electrons by two atoms
What are the various functional components present in cells?
Organelles
What are the three domains of life?
Domain Archea
Domain Eukarya
Domain Bacteria
What is the difference between an element and a compound?
An element is in its' most simple form, while a compound is 2 or more elements joined together.
What is a radioactive Isotope? What are they used for?
When the nucleus decays spontaneously in an isotope, giving off particles and energy. One way they are used is as tracers to follow atoms through metabolism, the chemical processes of an organism.
Is F or Al more electronegitive?
F
A chemical structure containing 2 or more atoms is a...
Molecule
Domain Archea and Domain Bacteria.
The number of protons, which is unique to that element, is called the
Atomic number
Would an electron in the first shell have low or high potential energy?
Low
What is the difference between polar or nonpolar covalent bonds?
NP: a covalent bond between two atoms of the same element, the electrons are shared equally because the two atoms have the same electronegativity
P:when an atom is bonded to a more electronegative atom, the electrons of the bond are not shared equally.
What are new properties that arise with each step upward in the hierarchy of life, owing to the arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity increases.
Emergent Properties
What are the 2 main points in Charles Darwin's theory of evolution?
1. species accumulate differences from their ancestors as they adapt to different environments over time.
2. “natural selection” is a primary cause of descent with modification.
The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom is...
the mass number
How can an electron move to another shell?
By absorbing or losing an amount of energy equal to the difference in potential energy between its position in the old shell and that in the new shell. an example is light energy.
Two atoms are so unequal in their attraction for valence electrons that the more electronegative atom strips an electron completely away from its partner. This is called a(n)...
Ion
Name all 10 levels of biological organization in order.
1. The Biosphere
2. The Ecosystem
3. Communities
4. Populations
5. Organizations
6. organs
7. tissues
8. cells
9. organelles
10. molecules
What were Darwin's 3 points of natural selection?
1. individuals in a population vary in their traits, many of which seem to be heritable
2. a population can produce far more offspring than can survive to produce offspring of their own
3.species generally are suited to their environments
What is the number of neutrons in
2311Na
12. Atomic Mass (23) - Atomic number (11)
What is the chemical behavior of an atom determined by?
the distribution of electrons in the atom’s electron shells.
What charges attract to each other in an ionic bond?