Cell Cycle
The interval of interphase during which DNA is replicated.
What is S phase?
Someone who has one dominant and one recessive allele for a gene.
What is a heterozygous individual?
In protein synthesis, this is the process of converting DNA into messenger RNA.
What is transcription?
This is the evolution of one or more species from an ancestral form.
What is speciation?
This type of species interaction is characterized by one organism consuming another.
What is predation?
Two copies of a chromosome attached at the centromere, after DNA replication, is called this.
What are sister chromatids?
A human female can be a carrier of this type of trait, but a human male will always express this trait if he has the gene.
What is a X-linked recessive trait?
In protein synthesis, this molecule delivers an amino acid to the ribosome.
What is tRNA?
An individual's ability to survive and reproduce when compared to other individuals from the same population.
What is the fitness of an organism?
When organisms, especially predators, are unable to migrate from one area to another, due to roads, fences, and other human-made constructs.
What is habitat fragmentation?
This stage of cell division is characterized by sister chromatids being pulled away from each other to opposing sides of the cell.
What is anaphase?
This type of trait is influenced by multiple genes.
What is a polygenic trait?
This type of mutation can occur without any change to the resulting amino acid sequence.
What is a neutral (synonymous) mutation?
When selective pressure causes extreme variants in a population to become scarce.
What is stabilizing selection?
This occurs when two species have adapted to each other, over many years, via natural selection.
What is coevolution?
If mutated, these genes can cause a cell to become cancerous.
What are proto-oncogenes?
This is defined by both alleles that an individual carries for a specific gene, and it directly influences their phenotype.
What is a genotype?
This type of protein is produced by cloning DNA from one organism, transforming it into bacteria, and allowing the bacteria to produce the protein from the cloned DNA.
What is a recombinant protein?
An organism from which many species have evolved.
What is common ancestor?
Species compete indirectly for shared resources (ecological niche).
What is exploitative competition?
This process, which occurs in prophase I of meiosis I, can cause homologous chromosomes to exchange genes.
What is crossing over?
The ABO blood type system is an example of this type of allelic dominance.
What is co-dominance?
This precision DNA cutting system is composed of guide RNA molecules and Cas9 proteins.
What is CRISPR?
Mules are not a viable species because they suffer from this form of reproductive isolation.
What is hybrid sterility?
Organisms that mechanically break apart and consume their food.
What is a detritivore?