Definitions
The smallest unit of a living thing
Cell
a cell that has a membrane-bound nucleus and other membrane-bound compartments or sacs
eukaryotic cell
long, hair-like structures that extend from the plasma membrane and are used to move an entire cell.
Flagella
a structure within the nucleus that is made up of DNA, the hereditary material, and proteins.
chromosome
the movement of free water molecules through a semipermeable membrane
Osmosis
Organism
a simple, single-celled (unicellular) organism that lacks a nucleus, or any other membrane bound organelle
prokaryotic cell
a double-membrane structure that constitutes the outermost portion of the nucleus.
nuclear envelope
a series of flattened membranous sacs.
Golgi apparatus
a relationship in which one organism lives inside the other.
Endosymbiosis
the ability of a microscope to allow the eye to distinguish two adjacent structures as separate
Resolving Power
Prokaryotic DNA is found in the central part of the cell: a darkened region:
nucleoid
a group of membranes and organelles in eukaryotic cells that work together to modify, package, and transport lipids and proteins.
endomembrane system
membrane-bound sacs that function in storage and transport.
Vesicles
channels between adjacent cells that allow for the transport of ions, nutrients, and other substances that enable cells to communicate.
Gap junctions
the contents of a cell between the plasma membrane and the nuclear envelope.
The Cytoplasm
a region near the nucleus of animal cells that functions as a microtubule-organizing center. It contains a pair of centrioles, two structures that lie perpendicular to each other.
centrosome
a series of interconnected membranous tubules that collectively modify proteins and synthesize lipids.
endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
the cellular structures responsible for protein synthesis.
Ribosomes
way how cells can communicate with each other by direct contact
intercellular junctions.
network of protein fibers inside the cell that help with structure and movement of structures
cytoskeleton
The plasma membranes of cells that specialize in absorption are folded into fingerlike projections
microvilli
numerous channels that pass between the cell walls of adjacent plant cells, connecting their cytoplasm and enabling signal molecules and nutrients to be transported from cell to cell.
Plasmodesmata
small, round organelles enclosed by single membranes.
Peroxisomes
A physical space in which there is a different concentration of a single substance is said to have what?
concentration gradient