The Process of Science
Name the order of the scientific method.
Observation, hypothesis, experiment, result, conclusion
All living things are made up of at least one of these
cells
Name a common structural feature shared by all cells?
Cell membrane, cytoplasm, DNA, Ribosomes
The term that describes the ability to do work
energy
Nutrients that organisms must obtain in large amounts to stay healthy.
macronutrients
To provide support for a hypothesis, scientists _______.
Perform experiments and/or make observations.
An organism that needs to eat another organism to gain energy is 1_________ whereas a 2______________ gets its energy from the sun.
1 Consumer
2 Producer
Name a key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, prokaryotes do not.
Eukaryotic cells have organelles, prokaryotes do not.
Organisms with eukaryotic cells can be multicellular, prokaryotes are only single-celled.
Prokaryotes always have a cell wall
What is the primary purpose of cellular respiration in living organisms?
To produce energy in the form of ATP
These speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy.
Enzymes
What are the independent and dependent variables here?
To investigate the impact of noise levels in study environments on memory retention, a researcher divided 80 college students into two groups of 40 students each. Both groups were given a list of 50 words to memorize. Then, group 1 was asked to study the words in a noisy environment, while group 2 studied them in silence. After 30 minutes, both groups were given a recall test to assess their memory retention.
IV: Noise level
DV: Scores on memory test for everyone
A weak but important bonds for life because they give water its important properties and hold the DNA double helix together
Hydrogen bond
Which organelle dysfunction would likely cause a cell to accumulate toxic substances and result in cell damage due to impaired digestion of damaged organelles and foreign substances?
lysosomes
The purpose of the “photo” step of photosynthesis (also called the light dependent reactions) is to……
Generate the energy needed to be able to power the reactions in the synthesis step. aka to make ATP/NADPH.
Reactions that break down large molecules into smaller ones.
Catabolic reactions
____________ is widely accepted and supported by many different lines of evidence.
Scientific Theory
The process in which smaller molecules come together to form larger molecules
polymerization
Name the two processes that involve the movement of molecules across a cell membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, without the need for energy.
Simple Diffusion and Facilitated diffusion
The purpose of the “synthesis” step of photosynthesis (also called the light independent reactions or Calvin Cycle) is to ….
Use the ATP/NADPH generated in the photo step to take carbon from CO2 and make glucose molecules that are used by the plant for food or cell structures.
What organ in the human body is responsible for absorbing most nutrients extracted from eaten food?
small intestine
I observe my car will not start...
If my hypothesis is that my car battery is dead.
What is my prediction (use and if-then statement)
If my car’s battery is dead then it will start if I replace the battery.
Name the monomers for 1. carbohydrates, 2. proteins, 3. nucleic acids, and 4. lipids.
1. Monosaccharides
2. Amino acids
3. Nucleotides
4. Not made up of smaller units
Which organelle is responsible for storing DNA in prokaryotic cells?
TRICK QUESTION!! Prokaryotic cells DO NOT have organelles!!! Their DNA is free-floating.
Explain why photosynthesis and cellular respiration are said to exist in a cycle.
The inputs of photosynthesis include carbon dioxide CO2, and a waste product is oxygen. Cellular respiration needs oxygen and outputs CO2.
Name the three factors that will affect the behavior of enzymes.
Amount of substrate, competitive inhibition, non-competitive inhibition.