Photosynthesis
What is a chloroplast?
Plants are most closely related to this group of protists.
What are green algae?
The seedless non-vascular plants are anchored to the ground by these structures instead of roots.
What are rhizoids?
These structures evolved to protect the embryo of a plant and also contain nutrients to help kickstart its growth.
What are seeds?
Plants like trees and shrubs with a stem that can be used for lumber are categorized in this group.
What are woody plants?
This pigment reflects green light, causing plants to appear green.
What is chlorophyll?
These vascular tissues in plants translocate water, nutrients, and sugars.
What are xylem and phloem?
Ferns, horsetails, whisk ferns, and lycophytes can grow taller than the bryophytes because they evolved this type of tissue.
What is vascular tissue?
Female individuals of this gymnosperm tree produce bad-smelling fruits in autumn.
What is ginkgo?
These fungi associate commonly with plants to help them obtain soil water and nutrients in exchange for carbon.
What are mycorrhizae?
The dark reactions of photosynthesis also have this name, after the scientist who first described them.
What is the Calvin Cycle?
This group of plants first evolved in the Cretaceous Period and now dominate the modern landscape.
What are Angiosperms?
This haploid phase of a plant's reproductive life cycle dominates in the seedless non-vascular plants.
What is a gametophyte?
This term describes a plant that produces male and female flowers in the same individual.
What is monoecious?
Nitrogen-fixing organisms that associate with the roots of legumes and many bryophytes belong to this Domain.
What is Bacteria?
These two energy molecules are produced by Photosystem II and Photosystem I in photosynthesis, respectively.
What are ATP and NADPH?
Plants first evolved to colonize this type of habitat.
What is terrestrial habitat?
This economically important non-vascular plant could eventually form coal if left undisturbed for thousands or millions of years.
What is sphagnum moss?
In addition to growth of the roots and shoots, known as apical meristems, trees widen their trunks via growth in this region.
What are lateral meristems? (OR: What is cambium?)
Large, white flowers that bloom at night are often pollinated by organisms in these two groups.
What are bats and moths?
This enzyme facilitates the fixation of carbon in the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis.
What is RUBISCO?
Many plants produce these compounds to defend themselves against predators.
What are secondary compounds?
The leaves of ferns, horsetails, and whisk ferns contain these tiny pores which can open or close to regulate water content and gas exchange.
What are stomata?
These plants usually have flower petals in groups of three, parallel veined leaves, and a spreading fibrous root system.
What are monocots?
Plants usually produce secondary compounds to combat organisms with this feeding strategy.
What is herbivory? (What are herbivores?)