Phylogeny
Species and Speciation
Ecology
Climate Change
Plant Diversity
Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
Animal Behavior
100
Define plesiomorphy
What is character state found in ancestor of the outgroup?
100
Define biological species concept.
What is species are groups of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring and are reproductively isolated from other species?
100
The study of the interactions between organisms and their biotic and abiotic environment.
What is ecology?
100
Define turnover rate.
What is how quickly C moves from one pool to another?
100
Xylem and Phloem are two types of this.
What is vascular tissue?
100
Organisms with cells that lack membrane-bound organelles and a membrane bound nucleus.
What is prokaryotes?
100
Certain individuals forego reproduction (lose direct fitness) and devote energy to rearing the young of relatives, often siblings.
What is cooperative breeding?
200
A character states appear in the same 2 taxa but not evolved from common ancestor.
What is homoplasy?
200
Two types of barriers for reproductive isolation.
1. Prezygotic
2. Postzygotic
200
Define interspecifc interactions.
What is interactions between individuals of different species.
200
Where the most carbon is stored in the biospheric pool.
What is plants?
200
First to grow tall.
What is seedless vascular plants: ferns?
200
Eukaryotes.
What is organisms with cells that have membrane-bound organelles and membrane-bound nucleus?
200
A situation where is makes since for an animal to engage in cooperative breeding.
What is when direct fitness loss is less than indirect fitness gained.
300
What occurs when an environmental/human catastrophe kills a large percent of the population?
Example: cheetahs
What is Bottleneck Effect?
300
Population split by the formation of a geographic barrier.
What is vicariance?
300
Example of a keystone species.
What is wolves in Yellowstone Parks?
300
Ways humans affect carbon sinks.
What is removes photosynthesis by cutting down trees which means less CO2 is removed. Burning wood releases CO2. Replace trees with livestock that are C sources?
300
Seed plants have two key differences from seedless plants.
What is ovules and pollen and seeds?
300
Archae.
What is single celled prokaryotes? Extremeophiles?
300
An action that reduces an individual's potential direct fitness (number of offspring produced) while increasing the fitness of another individual.
What is Altruism
400
Define parsimony
What is the simplest explanation is best. The best tree = tree with the fewest steps?
400
Example of this kind of speciation.
What is parapatric.
400
Two species cannot share a niche because one out-competes the other.
What is competitive exclusion?
400
Changes in how circular our orbit around the Sun is.
What is eccentricity?
400
The sterile, male, and female portion of flowers.
What is sepals/petals, stamen, and carpel.
400
Group of mostly unicellular eukaryotic organisms that are not fungi, plants, or animals. Not a valid evolutionary group.
What is protists?
400
Hamilton's rule.
What is individuals should behave altruistically (help raise relative's offspring) if fitness gained is greater than fitness lost from not reproducing.
500
Create a tree from this chart.
What is
500
The specific biotic and abiotic resources used by a species.
What is niche?
500
Calculate the mark-recapture population to find the size of the population.
Capture 1: 10 marked individuals
Capture 2: 4 re-caught individuals. 10 total caught in 2nd capture
What is N = 25?
x/n = s/N
500
This feedback loop starts with.
What is solar radiation decreases due to solar cycles?
500
Characteristics of bryophytes.
What is non vascular plant, dispersal by spores, and flagellated sperm?
500
Endosymbiont Theory.
What is the mitochondria and chloroplasts derived from ancestral prokaryotes that were engulfed by another cell.
500
An example of reciprocal altruism. ELI
What is vampire bats?