What is the most basic structural formula of a carbohydrate?
(CH2O)n
100
What is the difference between DNA and RNA in their sugar backbones?
DNA is deoxyribose so its ribose sugar lacks a 2' OH group.
100
What are the five fundamental characteristics of life?
Replication, Information, Cells, Evolution, Energy (RICEE)
100
What type of bond is the equal sharing of electrons?
Nonpolar covalent
200
Draw the backbone structure of amino acids on the board.
On the board.
200
What are the two different kinds of chain forms of carbohydrates?
Aldose and Ketose
200
Which nitrogenous bases are pyrimidines and which are purines and how many rings does each group have?
CUT - pyridimines, single ring
AG - purines, double ring
200
What is fitness?
Fitness is the organism's ability to produce viable offspring.
200
Which number of the provided image corresponds to the molecular weight?
I'll point it out.
300
In the provided image tell the number of peptide bonds and the number of amino acids.
I'll show it on the image.
300
Why type of bond links monosaccharides?
Glycosidic linkages
300
Explain what the three levels of DNA structure are.
Primary - string of nucleic acids
Secondary - double helix of complimentary anti parallel strand
Tertiary - Super coiling around proteins like histones
300
What are the two main tenets of cell theory?
All cells come for pre existing cells and all organisms are made of cells.
300
Explain Van der Waals forces.
Weak inter molecular interactions based on the random movements of electrons throughout the electron cloud leading to weak partial charges.
400
What classification would we give the provided R groups?
I'll show this.
400
What are the two types of ring orientations and what are the functions of each?
Alpha for storage and beta for structural
400
Point out the 5' and 3' ends and the phosphodiester bonds in the provided image.
I'll show it.
400
Explain how cell theory relates to the theory of evolution.
Cell theory is related to evolution because the first cells must have evolved from chemical evolution which then became the process of evolution as we know it today.
400
What is responsible for water's adhesion and cohesion, high heat of vaporization, and less dense solid form?
Hydrogen bonds
500
What are the six functions of peptides we learned and give an example of each.
Defense, Catalysis, Structural, Transport, Signaling, Movement
500
What did the Wassarman lab determine in looking at glycoproteins in reproduction?
The role of glycoproteins is to allow the recognition between sperm and egg of the same species.
500
Name the four important scientists involved in discovering the structure of DNA and their contribution.
Watson and Crick - Discovered the overall structure and put it together in a model.
Rosalind Franklin - Used X-ray crystallography to show that DNA was a double helix.
Chargraff - Determined that their were equal amounts of A-T and C-G in DNA.
500
Who made the first observations of single celled living organisms?