Mitosis
These type of cells have two pairs of homologous chromosomes
Diploid Cells
Sister chromatids are connected at this location
Centromere
Humans have this many pairs of chromosomes
23
This enzyme breaks down the hydrogen bonds between the bases and "unzips" the DNA
Helicase
mRNA is is made/transcribed in this location
The nucleus
Prokaryotic cells replicate by this type of cell division
Binary fission
These type of cells are the final result of Meiosis
Gametes
An organisms with one dominant and one recessive allele for a gene has this type of genotype
Heterozygous dominant
These three components make up a nucleotide
Sugar, Phosphate, Base
This region of DNA indicates the beginning of a gene and the start for RNA transcription
Promoter
This ordered display shows the chromosomes of an individual
Karyotype
During this process homologous chromosomes exchange genetic information
Crossing Over
In a simple monohybrid cross that tracks one character there are this many phenotypes in the F2 generation
Two
These bases have two rings
Purines (Adenine and Guanine)
This process removes unnecessary information from the mRNA transcript after transcription
RNA splicing
This type of groove appears during cytokinesis in animal cells
cleavage furrow
During this stage of Meiosis chromosome tetrads (duplicated, homologous chromosomes) line up along the cell plate/equator
Metaphase I
homozygous recessive
These fragments of DNA are being made when the lagging stand is replicated
Ogazaki Fragments
This amino acid is encoded by the start/initiation codon
Methionine
These are the four phases of the Cell Cycle
Growth Phase One (G1), DNA synthesis phase (S phase), Growth phase two (G2), Mitotic Phase (M)
These two processes contribute to increase genetic variation in offspring.
Independent orientation and random fertilization
In this genetic inheritance pattern two different versions of a gene (alleles) are expressed equally to produce different traits in an individua
Co-dominance
This short string of nucleic acids binds after DNA is unzipped to initiate replication
RNA Primer
The deletion of nucleotide during DNA replication leads to this kind of mutation
Frameshift mutation