Cell Organelles
Plasma Membrane
Transport Mechanisms
Mitosis
Aerobic Respiration
100
What is the powerhouse of the cell?
The Mitochondria
100
What is the plasma membrane composed of? Name 2
Phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins and carbohydrates
100
What is osmosis?
the movement of water or other solvent through a plasma membrane from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration
100
What is the purpose of mitosis?
cell regeneration, growth, and asexual reproduction
100
What does aerobic mean?
To involve oxygen
200
What is the function of Chloroplasts?
Perform photosynthesis, make pigment, not in animal cells
200
What is the Fluid Mosaic Model?
It describes the plasma membrane as a fluid combination of phospholipids, cholesterol and proteins
200
What is the direction of movement for facilitated diffusion?
High to low
200
What stage is this?
Prophase
200
What is the goal of cellular respiration?
To create energy in the form of ATP
300
Describe the function of the Golgi Apparatus
modifying, sorting and packaging of proteins for secretion. It is also involved in the transport of lipids around the cell, and the creation of lysosomes
300
Where are the carbohydrates found?
Generally attached to proteins on the outside membrane layer
300
Does Active Transport require energy? what is the direction of movement?
Yes and low to high
300
the final stage of mitosis, in which the separated chromosomes reach the opposite poles of the dividing cell and the nuclei of the daughter cells form around the two sets of chromosomes.
Telophase/Cytokinesis
300
Where does glycolysis happen and what does it do?
it happens in the cytoplasm and its basically "priming the pump", you have to spend 2 ATP to get it started and its net yield is 2 ATP
400
What organelle is responsible for the creation of proteins?
Ribosomes
400
Where can the cholesterol be found?
Attached between phospholipids and between the 2 phospholipid layers
400
Describe and example of simple diffusion
water, oxygen or CO2 passing through a cell membrane
water being absorbed through root cells
400
What are the stages of Mitosis?
Interphase, Prophase, Prometaphase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase/Cytokinesis
400
How many ATP does NADH make? and how many from FADH2?
NADH: 3 ATP FADH2: 2 ATP
500
What is the difference between Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum and Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum?
Rough ER is called rough because it has ribosomes attached to its surface. The double membranes of smooth and rough ER form sacs called cisternae. Protein molecules are synthesized and collected in the cisternal space/lumen. When enough proteins have been synthesized, they collect and are pinched off in vesicles.
500
What is a glycoprotein?
Any of a class of proteins that have carbohydrate groups attached to the polypeptide chain
500
List all the types of passive transport
Simple Diffusion, Facilitated Diffusion, Osmosis
500
What happens during interphase?
cellular organelles double in number, the DNA replicates, and protein synthesis occurs. The chromosomes are not visible and the DNA appears as uncoiled chromatin
500
What is the theoretical yield from aerobic respiration? The actual yield?
Theoretical: 38 ATP/glucose molecule
Actual: 36 ATP/glucose molecule