FOSSILS
Any trace of an organism that lived in the past
What is a fossil?
This is the permanent and irreversible dying out of an entire species
What is extinction?
A fossil species with traits that are intermediate between those of older and younger species, the "in-between" stages
What are transitional forms?
These organisms can get energy directly from the sun and carbon from carbon dioxide through photosynthesis.
What are photoautotrophs?
Using special signals to attract species-specific mates. An example, blinking patterns of fireflies
What is behavioral isolation?
This dating uses radiometric dating with half-lives to age fossil, such as Carbon-14 or U-238.
What is absolute age/dating?
This man is considered the "Father of Paleontology" and brought up the idea of extinction.
Cuvier
What are plate tectonics?
These organisms get energy and carbon from organic compounds. Prokaryotes, animals, fungi, and some protists
What are chemoheterotrophs?
two species breed during different times of the day, different seasons, or different times of the year. Example: the Western and Eastern spotted skunk
What is temporal isolation?
This is a common rock of TN, but is primarily formed in marine environments
What is limestone?
This type of extinction is caused by a MAJOR event, such as an asteroid striking Earth and killing (non-avian) dinosaurs
What is deterministic extincion?
1. no mutations
2. infinitely large population
3. no gene flow
4. no natural selection
5. no sexual selection
These are the 5 principles of...
What is the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
These organisms are poisoned by oxygen and can only survive in an anaerobic environment
What are obligate anaerobes?
when a hybrid zygote is formed, the genes may be incompatible and the embryo is aborted at an early embryonic stage or the offspring is frail and dies before reproductive maturity.
What is hybrid inviability?
the process that over time bones are covered by so many layers of sediment, they become rock.
What is lithification?
This type of extinction is slower but still increasing rate of extinction due to human influences, such as deforestation, overfishing.
What is accelerated extinction?
If you were given p=0.3, what is q?
q=0.7
These organisms can life or even thrive in extreme environments, hot temps or high salinity (most archaea)
What are extremophiles?
2 different species mate and produce a hybrid that is completely or largely sterile. EX: a mule
What is hybrid inviability?
This state of the US has the most known caves
This is an area of the US that used to be covered by a vast, shallow sea, (about 350 mil yrs ago)which is which we can find a lot of marine fossils here
What is the Eastern Highland Rim?
This women, without ever getting on the ocean, discovered and theorized plate tectonics and continental drift
Marie Tharpe (1950s)
These prokaryotic organisms get energy from chemicals and carbon from CO2
What are chemoautotrophs?
closely related species may try to mate but cannot because they are anatomically incompatible EX: dragonflies, lock-and-key
What is mechanical isolation?