Chapter 5
This type of lipid forms bilayers in water.
What is a phospholipid?
A cell organelle found in all cell types.
What is a ribosome?
This protein allows free water movement in and out of a cell.
What is an aquaporin?
This is the domain containing eukaryotic cells.
What is Eukarya?
A solution where water moves into a cell
What is a hypotonic solution?
The most common monosaccharide.
What is glucose?
DNA is stored here, in a eukaryotic cell.
What is the nucleus?
This substance buffers the cell membrane, making the membrane more tolerant to temperature changes.
What is cholesterol?
This organelle is found in photosynthesizing organisms.
What is a chloroplast?
This is the part of the amino acid molecule that gives its unique characteristics, distinguishing it as "hydrophobic", "acidic", or "nonpolar".
What is the R group?
Subjecting proteins to high temperatures can lead to this.
This microscope type is the best one to use to view a human red blood cell.
What is a light microscope?
In this type of solution, water will leave the cell and the cell will shrink.
What is a hypertonic solution?
This reaction involving water occurs when a bond is broken during the separation of two molecules.
What is hydrolysis?
This type of protein is on the edge of the cell membrane, and does not penetrate through the membrane.
What is a peripheral protein?
This form of starch is unbranched.
What is amylose?
If this organelle was missing, molecules would not be able to be packaged up and shipped to another place in the cell.
What is the Golgi apparatus?
This is the regulatory process by which cells maintain constant osmotic pressure in different solutions.
What is osmoregulation?
This occurs to a plant cell in a hypertonic solution, when the cell membrane pulls away from the cell wall.
What is plasmolysis?
What is hydrogen?
This DNA base always pairs with guanine.
What is cytosine?
These proteins "walk" on cells on the cytoskeleton, carrying materials around the cell.
What is a motor protein?
An example of this is when LDL cholesterol binds to transmembrane receptors and enters a cell.
What is receptor-mediated endocytosis?
The difference between these two sugars is in the position of the carbonyl group.
What is aldose and ketose?
A passive transport process where a transmembrane protein is needed to move a substance into or out of a cell.
What is facilitated diffusion?