Tour of the Cell
What is the ratio of an object’s image size to its real size?
Magnification
What are the two kinds of storage Polysaccharides?
Starch - plants
Glycogen - animals
What is a monomer of a lipid?
fatty acid
What is the monomer of amino acids and how many are there?
20
What are the monomers of Nucleic Acids
Nucleotides
What is the measure of the clarity of the image, or the minimum distance of two distinguishable points?
Resolution
What is the monomer of a carbohydrate?
monosaccharide
What are 3 kinds of lipids?
Fats, Phospholipids, Steroids
What are the bonds of proteins called
peptide bond
What is the function of a nucleic acid
store and transmit hereditary information
What are the 4 common features of all cells
DNA/RNA
Ribosomes
Cytoplasm
Plasma Membrane
What is the enzyme that breaks down lactose?
Lactase
What the difference between saturated and unsaturated
Unsaturated fats have double bonds.
Saturated fats DO NOT, which means they have much more hydrogen. They’re saturated with it.
What are the 2 kinds of structures in the secondary structure?
a helix and b pleated sheet
What are the 3 parts to a nucleotide
nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar, and a phosphate group
What are the visible differences in parts of the sample
Contrast
What are 3 functions of carbohydrates?
Stored energy that can be easily released
Transport stored energy w/in an organism
Carbon skeleton for new macromolecules
What are lipids not usually considered to be a macromolecule?
generally not big enough
What causes denaturation of a protein?
Alterations in pH, salt concentration, temperature
Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine, Uracil
What are 4 characteristics of Prokaryotic cells?
No nucleus
DNA in an unbound region called the nucleoid
No membrane-bound organelles
Cytoplasm bound by the plasma membrane
What is the bond that joins two monosaccharides?
Glycosidic bond
What are the 4 functions of lipids?
Chemical energy storage (respiration/photosynthesis)
Insulation (thermal/electrical)
Cell structure
Hormones and vitamins
What determines the tertiary structure?
interactions between R groups
What is the structural difference between pyrimidines and purines?
Purines have 2 rings