Human Organization
The science dealing with the functions of the body's components.
What is Physiology?
This negatively charged ion forms when an atom gains one or more electrons.
What is an Anion?
This is the substance that is dissolved to form a solution.
What is the Solute?
These hair-like extensions found on some cells help move materials, such as mucus, across the cell surface.
What are Cilia?
This type of endocytosis allows a cell to engulf large particles or microorganisms.
What is Phagocytosis?
This type of control mechanism reduces or reverses a change, making any deviation from the set point smaller.
What is Negative Feedback?
This process occurs when an atom or molecule loses one or more electrons.
What is Oxidation?
This identifies an element and is equal to the number of protons in its nucleus.
What is the Atomic Number?
This organelle modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and other substances for transport or secretion.
What is the Golgi apparatus?
During this stage of mitosis, chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell.
What is Metaphase?
The condition in which the body's internal environment stays within physiological limits.
What is Homeostasis?
In this type of chemical reaction, two or more substances combine to form a larger, more complex product, storing energy that can later be used to perform work.
What is a Synthesis Reaction?
This is an atom of the same element that has the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.
What is an Isotope?
These organelles contain digestive enzymes that break down worn-out cell parts, foreign materials, and cellular debris.
What are Lysosomes?
This type of solution has a lower concentration of solutes outside the cell than inside the cell, causing water to move into the cell.
What is a Hypotonic Solution?
This term refers to all of the chemical reactions that occur within the body to maintain life.
What is Metabolism?
This process causes a protein to lose its normal shape and function, often due to chemicals, radiation, or changes in temperature or pH.
What is Denaturation?
This states that atoms with incompletely filled outer shells tend to combine with each other in a chemical reaction to produce a chemically stable arrangement
What is the Octet Rule?
This basic unit of DNA and RNA is made of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.
What is a Nucleotide?
This process uses DNA as a template to produce a strand of RNA.
What is Transcription?
This is a change in the internal or external environment that disrupts a controlled variable and triggers the body’s control mechanism.
What is a Stimulus?
This level of protein structure forms when two or more polypeptide chains interact to create a functional protein.
What is Quaternary Structure?
This type of bond occurs when atoms share electrons unequally, creating partial positive and partial negative charges.
What is a Polar Covalent Bond?
This difference between two areas provides the driving force for diffusion.
What is a Concentration Gradient?
During protein synthesis, this carrier picks up amino acids in the cytosol and delivers them to the ribosome.
What is tRNA?