Protist
This plant-like protist is multicellular and and found in marine environments.
What is brown algae.
These two components make up the body plan of fungi.
What are mycelium and mushrooms.
State and describe the two types of leaves.
Microphylls: leaves with a single vein.
Megaphylls: leaves with more than one vein.
This is the most diverse seedless vascular plant.
What are ferns.
What are three ways in which seeds can be dispersed
Wind
Water
Animal
explosive pods
This plant-like protist can be unicellular, colonial, or multicellular and is part of the Archaeplastida clade.
What is green algae.
What does it mean when we say fungi are sessile?
They grow from the ground.
What is the apical meristem?
The apical meristem is a group of undifferentiated cells that differentiate into various tissues.
Explain why club mosses and spike mosses are not true mosses.
They have vascular tissue.
What is the function of fruit in angiosperms?
To protect the seeds and aid in seed dispersal
Name all four plant-like protists covered in lecture and the type of cells they are composed of.
Diatoms: unicellular
Brown Algae: multicellular
Red Algae: mostly multicellular
Green Algae: unicellular, colonial, or multicellular
These characteristics are what define fungi.
Heterotrophs
Chitin in cell walls
Store carbohydrates as glycogen
Sessile
State the differences between a sporophyte and a gametophyte.
A sporophyte is the multicellular diploid stage, and a gametophyte is the multicellular haploid stage of a plant.
Examples of bryophytes are liverworts, mosses, and hornworts. Of these three examples, which has stomata and which has pores?
Mosses and hornworts have stomata, and liverworts have pores.
During fertilization in plants with seeds, what does the ovule, female gametophyte, and integumentary become?
Ovule becomes seed
Female gametophyte becomes zygote/embryo
Integument becomes seed coat
This type of organism is most closely related to land plants.
What is green algae.
State all of the ecological roles of fungi and provide examples of two of the roles.
Decomposers, Symbionts (lichen and mycorrhizae), Parasites (zombie ant fungus), Pathogens, and Predators (nematode trapping fungus)
State the types of vascular tissue and what their functions are
Xylem: transports water and provides support.
Phloem: transports sugar and nutrients.
These are the defining characteristics of seedless vascular plants.
Vascular tissue
Flagellated sperm
Water necessary for reproduction
Dominant sporophyte
Independent gametophyte and sporophyte
State two characteristics of a pines life cycle.
Dominant sporophyte
Male gametophyte within pollen, produced by smaller male cones
Female gametophyte within ovule, produced by larger female cones
Transfer of sperm to ovules via pollen
This pigment found in red algae is what makes it appear red.
What is phycoerythrin.
Explain how and how penicillin was discovered.
Penicillin was discovered by Alexander Fleming when he left a bacterial plate on out when he left for vacation. When he came back, he noticed the bacterial growth was suppressed by the fungus that grew on the plate
Explain why cuticle, stomata, and roots evolved in land plants.
The cuticle evolved to prevent plants from drying out and inhibit things from entering the plant.
Stomata evolved to allow for gas exchange even with a cuticle.
Roots evolved for plants to obtain water and nutrients from soil.
These are the defining features of Bryophytes.
Dominant gametophyte
Sporophyte dependent on the gametophyte
Lack vascular tissue and roots
Reproduce via spores
Water necessary for reproduction
These are the defining characteristics of gymnosperms.
Vascular tissue
Seeds, pollen, roots
Dominant sporophyte
Microscopic gametophyte
Gametophyte dependent on the sporophyte