Organic Chemistry
What process takes smaller subunits and puts them together?
Dehydration synthesis
What kind of things are brown algae used for?
Dietary supplements, thickener for foods, paints, cosmetics
Where does the electron transport chain occur in cellular respiration?
Inner membrane of mitochondria
What is happening during the G1, S, and G2 phases?
G1: cell increases in size, organelles and enzymes increase in number
S: DNA replication
G2: assembly of machinery for mitosis and cell division
What vascular tissue is living and what does it transport?
Phloem; sugars
Who found the structure of DNA through x-ray crystallography?
Rosalind Franklin
What were the original organisms performing photosynthesis?
Cyanobacteria
What kind of gradient does the electron transport create, and with what?
Electrical gradient, H+ ions
In what phase does the kinetochore appear, and what is it?
Prophase; it's a protein complex on chromosomes for attachment of microtubules
Where does gas exchange occur?
Underside of the leaf in the stomata
What kind of secondary metabolite is used as spices?
Terpenes
What is the body of the fungus, and what does it contain?
Mycelium; collection of hyphae
What does oxygen accept in the electron transport chain?
Low energy electrons and hydrogen
What is the function of the phragmoplast? When does it appear?
Forms in the center to direct the formation of a new cell wall
Anaphase
Where can you find a casparian strip and what is it?
Roots; waxy layer of cell wall in the endodermis that controls movement of water into xylem
What type of tree is aspirin derived from?
Willow (salix)
How was penicillin discovered?
Mold grew on a plate of staph bacteria while Fleming was on vacation, it prevented the bacteria from growing around it
What does the electron transport chain generate?
Heat, ATP
What organelle acts as a hydroskeleton in plant cells?
What portion of the leaf is loosley packaged and sparse in chloroplasts?
Spongy mesophyll
What are human tissue engineers using spinach for?
Revascularize arteries in the heart
What is the chain of BMAA that damages the Chamarro people, what disease does it cause?
cyanobacteria -> cycad fruit -> flying foxes -> Chamarro people
Causes ALS/Parkinson's disease = neurological disorders
What enzyme is associated with the electron transport chain in the mitochondria?
ATP synthase
What organelle has a high secretory function and is highly abundant in snails?
Golgi bodies
What structure is close to the apical meristem in stems because it provides support and can stretch, bend, and grow?
Collenchyma