Mollusca
What is the umbo
The oldest part of the shell
What is the structure used for locomotion and burrowing?
setae
What is the Chelicerae
Hollow mouthparts which contain venom glands and are used to inject venom into prey or predators
What is the pseudocoel and how does it impact the body plan of a nematoda
fluid-filled cavity (like a balloon); nematoda body plan is super constrained due to this
What does the water vascular system do?
Used for movement, water moves through and "pumps up" the external tube feet, or podia.
Name at least 3 body parts in the ancestral body plan of the phylum Mollusca.
3-chambered heart, Hemocoel (open blood vascular system) Gill (enhanced gas exchange), Mantle (secretes external shell), Radula (rasping tongue), Foot (for locomotion), gonads, etc.
What is the difference between groups Errantia and Sedentaria?
Errantia is free moving, while Sedentaria spends most of their time in tubes or burrows
What are book lungs (in spiders)
Lungs that contain many flaps of tissue, provide a large surface area for gas exchange.
What does it mean for nematoda to be in the clade Ecdysozoa?
Molts a cuticle
What is Aristotle's lantern
mouth/jaw apparatus, used to scrape away algae and other food from rocks or excavate hiding places.
Describe the differences between class Bivalvia and Cephalopoda
Class Bivalvia: filter feeders, no radula, no head, 2 shells surround body, highly modified gills
Class Cephalopoda: predators, radula forms beak, cephalization (head), reduced or absent shell, highly modified foot and mantle (locomotion by jet propulsion through ventral funnel)
What is tagmatization? What are some of the different segments of arthropoda
Occurs when the body is segmented but have different functional groups.
Head, thorax, abdomen, trunk.
What is the pericardium
coelomic space around the heart that is important in excretion
Tissue type:
Symmetry
Protostome/Deuterostome:
Habitat:
Support/skeletal system:
Mode of feeding:
Locomotion:
Respiration:
Excretion:
Reproduction:
Distinguishing Characteristics:
Adaptations:
Tissue type: triploblastic
Symmetry: bilateral
Protostome/Deuterostome: protostomes
Habitat: aquatic, some terrestrial (slugs)
Support/skeletal system: shell of limestone and protein
Mode of feeding: herbivore, carnivore, and filter feeders
Locomotion: mobile
Respiration: gills (some have lungs)
Excretion: kidneys
Reproduction: sexual (mostly dioecious)
Distinguishing Characteristics: shell, radula, etc.
Adaptations: different feeding modes
Tissue type:
Symmetry
Protostome/Deuterostome:
Habitat:
Support/skeletal system:
Mode of feeding:
Locomotion:
Respiration:
Excretion:
Reproduction:
Distinguishing Characteristics:
Adaptations:
Tissue type: triploblastic
Symmetry: bilateral
Protostome/Deuterostome: protostomes
Habitat: everywhere
Support/skeletal system: hydrostatic skeleton
Mode of feeding: everything (also chemoautotrophic)
Locomotion: mobile, burrowing
Respiration: gills across skin
Excretion: metanephridia (like flame cells in Platyhelminthes)
Reproduction: sexual
Distinguishing Characteristics: septate metamerism (series of body segments fundamentally similar in structure)
Adaptations: burrow/tube dwelling
Tissue type:
Symmetry
Protostome/Deuterostome:
Habitat:
Support/skeletal system:
Mode of feeding:
Locomotion:
Respiration:
Excretion:
Reproduction:
Distinguishing Characteristics:
Adaptations:
Tissue type: triploblastic
Symmetry: bilateral
Protostome/Deuterostome: protostome
Habitat: marine, terrestrial
Support/skeletal system: exoskeleton
Mode of feeding: all modes (including parasitic)
Locomotion: jointed appendages, muscles
Respiration: gills, book lungs, tracheal system
Excretion: green gland, malpighian tubules
Reproduction: sexual
Distinguishing Characteristics: exoskeleton, metamerishm and tagmatization, jointed appendages
Adaptations: predation, herbivory, filter feeding
Tissue type:
Symmetry:
Habitat:
Support/skeletal system:
Mode of feeding:
Locomotion:
Respiration:
Excretion:
Reproduction:
Distinguishing Characteristics:
Adaptations:
Tissue type: triploblastic (pseudocoelomate)
Symmetry: bilateral
Habitat: marine, freshwater, terrestrial
Support/skeletal system: hydrostatic, using pseudocoelom
Mode of feeding: free-living and parasitic
Locomotion: writhing, longitudinal muscles working against pseudocoel
Respiration: none
Excretion: excretory organ
Reproduction: sexual
Distinguishing Characteristics: elastic cuticle, hydrostatic skeleton, only longitudinal muscles, writhe
Adaptations: wriggle through interstitial spaces