Adaptations & Natural Selection
What is an adaptation?
A favorable trait for a niche. Needs to be heritable, improves fitness and fits a niche.
What is a geographic barrier?
A landform/geographical feature that leads to speciation.
How does eugenics exist today?
Still exists through involuntary sterilization, forced institutionalism, & ostracization until the 1970s in the USA with some still today.
What does photosynthesis produce?
Oxygen and glucose
What phase does crossing over happen in?
Prophase 1
What is natural selection?
The process through which organisms with favorable adaptations survive better to pass on genes
What percent of energy moves up a trophic level?
10%
How did scientists prove their ideologies?
“Scientists” used to cherry pick certain skulls to try and prove their racist ideologies.
What do the thylakoids pass to the stroma?
ATP & NADPH
Meiosis provides _____ while asexual reproduction does not.
Variation
How does meiosis lead to adaptations?
Meiosis leads to mutation which introduces variation to a population. If it is favorable, it will become an evolutionary adaptation.
What are the survival curves?
Type 1- High survivorship earlier, low survivorship later. (humans)
Type 2 - steady survivorship (birds)
Type 3 - Low survivorship earlier, high survivorship later. (trees)
What proves that humans have little variation?
The whole human genome has 99.9% similarity
What is the light independent part also known as?
The Calvin Cycle
What's 26 grams in cg?
2600 cg (centigrams)
What is the red queen theory and how does it relate to adaptations?
Organisms must keep evolving and adapting to survive.
What are the 3 selections?
Directional - one end
Stabilizing - middle
Disruptive - both ends
Are populations discrete or continuous?
continuous
What is the equation for photosynthesis?
6CO2 + 6H2O = C6H12O6 & 6O2
What is everything in Taxonomy?
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
Hint: remember the mnemonic
Who is widely credited by coming up with the theory of natural selection?
Charles Darwin
Genetic barriers that lead to speciation are…
Different chromosome numbers
How is clustering populations arbitrary?
There are many ways to cluster populations other than race.
What does the chloroplast do?
Absorbs light and causes electrons to become excited and speed up
What is the half life of carbon14?
5730