Show:
The Central Dogma
Recombination
Biotechnology
Viruses
Definitions
100
Draw or describe the central dogma
DNA is transcribed into RNA which is translated into protein
100
The transfer of genetic material between cells of the same generation
What is horizontal gene tranfer
100
Proteins that cut specific sequences of DNA and are used in recombinant DNA technology
What are restriction enzymes
100
True or False - viruses contain DNA and RNA
What is false - they contain DNA or RNA
100
A segment of DNA that encodes a functional product, usually a protein
What is a gene
200
This enzyme is responsible to separating strands of DNA and transcribing DNA into RNA
What is RNA polymerase
200
Which type of plasmid encodes for antibiotic resistance
What is a R factor plasmid
200
Name a therapeutic application of biotechnology
Human enzymes (insulin) Vaccines (Hepatitis B) Gene therapy (Hemophilia B)
200
Zones of clearing present on a lawn of bacteria and caused by viruses
What is a plaque
200
Self replicating DNA used to carry a desired gene to a new cell
What is a vector
300
What are the three types of RNA transcribed from DNA and which one can be translated into protein
rRNA, tRNA and mRNA - can be translated into protein
300
The transfer of only certain genes by a bacteriophage
What is specialized transduction
300
In a blue white screen, which colonies contain the plasmid with your gene inserted?
What are the white colonies
300
How are prions transmitted?
Inherited or transmitted by ingestion, transplant or surgical instruments
300
Three nucleotide sequence of tRNA that is complementary to mRNA
What is an anticodon
400
What are the three steps of transcription and what occurs in each step?
Initiation - RNA polymerase binds to the promoter and begins making RNA from DNA. Elongation - RNA polymerase continues to make the complementary RNA from DNA. Termination - RNA polymerase pauses and fall off DNA (can be factor independent or factor dependent - Rho protein knocks RNA polymerase off)
400
Using the experiment discovering transformation - would the mouse live if injected with the following: 1 - Living encapsulated organism 2 - Living non encapsulated organism 3 - Heat killed encapsulated organism 4 - Living non encapsulated mixed with heat killed encapsulated organism
1 - No - it would die; 2 - Yes - it would live; 3 - Yes - it would live; 4 - No - it would die
400
List the three minimum requirements of a vector
Origin of replication Selectable marker Restriction enzymes
400
List the four possible components of a virus - indicate which two are present in all viruses and which two are present in some viruses
Present in all - Nucleic acids and capsid (protein coat) Present in some - envelope and spikes
400
Type of viral infection that remains asymptomatic in the host cells for a long period of time
What is a latent viral infection
500
Draw a ribosome complex for the following mRNA sequence - AUGCGCAGG. AUG - Met CGC - Arg AGG - Arg
See board
500
Describe what the resulting cells would be if the following cells came in contact with each other - 1 - F+ with F- 2 - F+ with F+ 3 - Hfr with F- 4 - Hfr and F+
1 - F+ and F+; 2 - Not possible 3 - Hfr and F- 4 - Not possible
500
List and describe what happens in each of the three step of a PCR reaction
Denaturation - DNA template is melted Anneal - Primers anneal to the template around the region you wish to amplify Extension - DNA polymerase replicates second strand using template as guide Process is repeated 25-30 times
500
List the five steps involved in a viral infection of a prokaryote
Attachment Penetration Biosynthesis Maturation Release
500
Plasmid present in Agrobacterium that facilitates the transfer of genetic material to plants
What is the Ti plasmid