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DNA Replication
Cellular Division
Protein Synthesis
Biotechnology
Passive/Active Transport
100
In DNA the nitrogen base adenine always pairs with _____ and cytosine always pairs with _____.
What is thymine and guanine?
100
_____ is being separated during anaphase of mitosis
What is sister chromatids?
100
Transcription occurs _____ and translation occurs _____.
What is the nucleus and the cytoplasm?
100
Specific enzyme used to cut DNA at specific nucleotide sequences.
What is restriction enzyme (endonuclease)?
100
Does not require energy, goes along concentration gradient from area of high concentration to area of low concentration.
What is Passive Transport?
200
A nucleotide is composed of these three things.
What are nitrogen base, phosphate, and sugar?
200
The products of meiosis.
What are four genetically different, haploid cells?
200
____ is a single strand molecule that is made in the nucleus during transcription, but exits to function in the cytoplasm using its codons.
What is mRNA?
200
Process used to compare DNA fragments using an electric field.
What is gel electrophoresis?
200
Requires energy in the form of ATP, goes against the concentration gradient from the area of low concentration to high concentration.
What is Active Transport?
300
The enzyme that upzips the DNA molecule, creating a replication fork _____ and the enzyme that joins complementary DNA nucleotides _____.
What are helicase and DNA polymerase?
300
The main difference between somatic cells and gametes are a) Gametes do not have nuclei b) In humans, somatic cells have a total of 23 chromosomes c) Gametes undergo meiosis d) Gametes will fuse to produce offspring e) Somatic cells are the products of meiosis.
What is c) Gametes undergo meiosis?
300
There are __ different types of amino acids found in proteins.
What is 20?
300
RFLPs (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) from a crime scene are compared to RFLPS from a suspect DNA in ___ _______.
What is DNA Fingerprinting?
300
The three types of passive transport. ____ involves the transport of H2O.
What is simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion and osmosis? What is Osmosis?
400
Replication happens during this particular time in a cell's cycle.
What is Interphase (S phase)?
400
Give the FALSE answer regarding the products of a single cell that has gone through meiosis is a) the result is eight separate cells b) they may function as gametes c) the are genetically diverse d) the result is four separate cells e) they are haploid
What is a) the result is eight separate cells?
400
Chromosomes are aligned at the equator of the cell during ____ of mitosis. If a parent cell has 16 chromosomes, there will be ___ sister chromatids will be present in this phase.
What is metaphase, and 32 sister chromatids?
400
The process used to copy DNA fragments millions of times by using DNA polymerase.
What is Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)?
400
The movement of large substances INTO the cell forming a vesicle _____, the movement of large substances OUT of the cell by a vesicle _____. Cell eating ____. Cell drinking ____.
What is What is endocystosis, exocytosis, phagocytosis and pinocytosis?
500
DNA replication is considered semi-conservative because of this.
What is each of the two daughter DNA double helices, are comprised of one old (template) strand and one new DNA strand?
500
In mitosis, DNA is replicated __ time(s) and the cell undergoes __ division(s). In Meiosis, DNA is replicated __ time(s) and the cell undergoes __ division(s). The products are ___
What is 1, 1 and 1, 2? What is in mitosis, 2 identical diploid cells and in meiosis 4, genetically different haploid cells?
500
The relationship between DNA and proteins is a) proteins make up the individual sugar-phosphate-base units of DNA. b) Genes are made of proteins that encode the base sequence of DNA c) DNA encodes for proteins, and protein enzymes replicate and maintain DNA.
What is c) DNA encodes for proteins, and protein enzymes replicate and maintain DNA?
500
DNA that contains genes from two different sources is ______ ___. (GMO) _____ is known to be done in the lab by scientists, while _____ is done through breeding, organisms are reproducing without scientists involved.
What is Recombinant DNA, transgenic, and hybridization.
500
Three types of tonicity (osmotic pressure gradient) or tonic solutions. _____ shrivels the cell, ____ expands the cell, and _____ is neutral (balanced).
What are hypertonic, hypotonic and isotonic solutions?