Scientific Inquiry
What is the first step of the scientific method?
Making an observation / asking a question
All living things are made of __________.
Cells
Which theme explains why a bird’s wings have hollow bones?
Structure and function
This type of tool provides an enlarged image of an object and allows us to see cells, molecules, and bacteria, and other microorganisms
microscope
What is the smallest unit of life?
cell
In an experiment, what is the variable that is deliberately changed?
Independent variable
What characteristic of life is demonstrated when a plant grows toward sunlight?
Response to environment
Which theme is described by “all levels of life have systems of related parts”?
Systems
This type of electron microscope uses electrons to scan specimen and produce a 3-D image
Scanning electron microscope (SEM)
This is a segment of DNA that stores genetic information
gene
What is a control group, and why is it important?
The group that does not receive the experimental treatment; used for comparison
What are two ways living things maintain homeostasis?
sweating, shivering, regulating blood sugar, etc.
Give an example of how structure determines function in the human body.
Possible examples:
red blood cells carry oxygen efficiently due to shape
Bird wing span how far it can fly
Bird beak size
Opposable thumbs on humans
This type of modeling helps to see and understand processes at the molecular level and/or within the body
computer modeling
If you wanted to produce a 2-D image what type of microscope should you use?
Transmission electron microscope (TEM)
Distinguish between qualitative and quantitative data.
Qualitative = descriptions; Quantitative = numbers
Why is reproduction considered essential for the survival of a species but not for an individual?
Individuals can survive without reproducing, but the species would die out.
This is an organized group of related parts that interact to form a whole
System
This is the study and manipulation of DNA on a molecular level
Molecular genetics
What is the difference between a scientific law and a scientific theory?
Law = describes what happens under certain conditions
Theory = an explanation of why something happens
What is the difference between a theory and a hypothesis?
Hypothesis = testable explanation; Theory = well-tested, widely accepted explanation supported by evidence
What is the difference between an organism and a species?
organism - any individual living thing
species - group of organisms of the same type that reproduce with one another
These are inherited traits that give an advantage to individual organisms and is passed on to future generations. This also leads to unity and diversity of life
Adaptation
This is an organism whose genome has been altered to contain one or more genes from another organism or species
transgenic
Is this type of data qualitative or quantitative?
A student records the color of different solutions as "blue," "red," and "green."
Qualitative