Structure
DNA has the structure of what?
A double helix
Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cysotonine
A+T, G+C
What phase does DNA replicate in of the cell cycle
The S Phase.
Who discovered the double-helix structure of DNA?
Rosalind Franklin.
Rough strains passed down what trait to smooth strains?
Their protective layers.
The DNA ladder is made up of three components.
Sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.
Nitrogenous bases are held together by what?
Hydrogen bonds.
What is the strand that is slower than its counterpart, the Leading strand called?
The Lagging strand.
Who were the scientists that proved Rosalind's Theory?
What is a chromosome?
DNA is tightly coiled into these thread-like structures located in the nucleus of a cell.
What is Chargraff's rule?
When nitrogenous bases are paired, they must be balanced in weight.
In RNA, the base Thymine is replaced with what?
Uracil.
What are the small fragments of DNA left by the lagging strand called?
Okazaki Fragments.
What did Fredrick Griffith discover?
That DNA was something that is passed down from parent to offspring.
What are the building blocks of DNA?
Nucleotides.
How are the two DNA strands organized?
They are antiparallel. One runs from 5'3, the other runs from 3'5.
If the total amount of guanine and cytosine make up 60% of DNA, how much is Thymine and Adenine?
40%. Thymine=20%. Adenine= 20%.
What does a telomere do?
They are repeated segments of DNA that protect the middle of DNA from its tips.
Oswald Avery proved what?
He proved that it was DNA that was passed down instead of protein.
The enzyme responsible for unzipping the double helix structure during replication.
DNA helicase.
What technique did Rosalind Franklin use to view DNA?
X-Ray Diffraction.
What sugar does RNA use instead?
Ribose sugar.
What does it mean when a piece of DNA is semiconservative?
What did Hershey and Chase experiment on?
A bacteriaphage.
The enzyme responsible for adding in primers and bases to a new strand of DNA.
DNA polymerase.