Properties of Water
Which property of water allows body to regulate its temperature?
Ability to modify temperature/Heat capacity
What are the two cell types?
Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic
Assembles and makes proteins during translation
Ribosomes
What type of cells have a cell membrane?
All cell types
Two ways in which cells transport materials through the cell membrane
Passive and Active transport
Why does water have such unique properties?
Because it is polar
Which organelle is responsible for breaking down food to produce ATP during cellular respiration?
Mitochondria
What is the main function of chloroplasts in eukaryotic cells?
to produce glucose using solar energy
Large, polar molecules go through this in order to pass through the cell membrane.
Protein Channel
Requires energy and molecules move against the concentration gradient.
Require protein carrier
Active Transport
What two properties of water allow for it to travel against gravity up the stem of plants to the leaves?
Cohesion and Adhesion
A researcher is looking at a cell under a microscope and observes a nucleus, mitochondria, and a large vacuole. Which of the following is this cell most likely to be?
Plant cell
A system of membranes that modifies and packages proteins for export by the cell
Golgi body
Semi-permeable
Movement of molecules from an area of HIGH Concentration to an area of LOW concentration through a protein channel
Facilitated Diffusion
What kind of bonds joins the atoms in a water molecule?
Covalent
What will most likely be the result if all of the chloroplasts are removed from a plant cell?
Which of the following organelles would be present in high numbers in a muscle cell, which requires large amounts of energy?
Mitochondria
What is the shape of the cell membrane? Give details on what makes up the structure.
Phospholipid bilayer. Hydrophobic lipid tails and hydrophilic phosphate head
No net movement of water during osmosis
Isotonic
What about water's chemical structure that makes it polar?
The positive charge on the hydrogen and negative charge on the oxygen allow for the molecule to have shared electrons that can bond easily, thus making it polar
Suppose a certain poison kills human cells by blocking pores in the nuclear membrane. Explain why it would or would not kill bacteria.
it would not kill bacteria because bacteria does not have a nucleus.
A jelly-like fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended.
Cytoplasm
What are the 3 main functions of the cell membrane?
1. Controls what goes in and out of the cell
2. Protects the cell
3. Homeostasis (balance)
A person with swollen gums rinses his mouth with warm salt water, and the swelling decreases. Why has the swelling decreased in his gums?
The water in his gums has moved out due to the high concentration of salt in the solution