Key Terms
Oxidation
What is The loss of an electron?
The four main stages of Cell respiration are.
What is Glycosis, Pyruvate Oxidation, Citric Acid Cycle, and Electron Transport Chain?
Describe what’s going on in photosynthesis to a non-biologist.
What is Plants eat sunlight, drink water, breathe in air, and give us oxygen while making their own food
The Citric Acid Cycle It Is Part Of This Process That Makes Energy For The Cell.
What is Cell Respiration?
The Calvin Cycle Is Part Of What Process Plants Use To Make Their Own Food.
What is Photosynthesis?
Reduction
What is The gain of an electron?
What is the significance of ATP for living systems.
What is ATP fuels the processes that keep cells and organisms alive?
Why are leaves green in spring and summer but various shades of red, orange, and yellow in
the fall?
What is Leaves change color because chlorophyll disappears and other pigments become visible?
Where Is The Citric Acid Cycle Located.
What is In The Mitochondrial Matrix?
Where is the Calvin Cycle Located.
What is In The (Stroma) Of The Chloroplast In Plant Cells?
Chlorophylls
What is Primary pigment used in photosynthesis?
What does anaerobic respiration have to do with sore muscles and lactic acid?
Anaerobic respiration keeps you going when oxygen is low, But it produces lactic acid, which contributes to muscle soreness and fatigue?
Describe the light-dependent reactions.
What is Light energy splits water and makes ATP and NADPH to power the next stage.
This 6-carbon molecule is the first product formed when acetyl-CoA combines with oxaloacetate, giving the Krebs cycle its alternate name.
What is citrate?
The Calvin Cycle 3 Main Stages Are.
What is Carbon Fixation, Reduction, and Regeneration?
Photoautotrophy
What is An organism that uses light energy to synthesize its own food from inorganic carbon sources like carbon dioxide?
All of the chemical reactions in a cell including cellular respiration are Called This. (Cellular respiration is a specific pathway that breaks down nutrients like glucose to generate usable energy in the form of ATP)
What is Metabolism?
What's the Z-diagram? What set of reactions does it depict?
What is The Z-diagram shows how light energy moves electrons to make ATP and NADPH in photosynthesis.
The citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) has these main stages.
What is Acetyl-CoA enters the cycle. Citric acid (citrate) is formed. Carbon molecules are broken down and CO₂ is released. Electrons are removed and carried by NADH and FADH₂. A small amount of ATP is made. Cycle resets to start again
This 5-carbon molecule combines with carbon dioxide to begin the Calvin cycle.
What is RuBP?
Cylic photophosphorylation VS Non-cyclic photophosphorylation
What is Cyclic = Cycle = Comes back = Only ATP ?
Non-cyclic = One-way = Makes ATP + NADPH + O₂?
The chemical equation for cellular respiration is? Is this process endergonic or exergonic?
What is C6H12O6+6O2→6CO2+6H2O+ATP (energy)
(Food + oxygen → energy for the cell + waste (CO₂ and water))
What is Exergonic = releases energy. Cellular respiration breaks down glucose and releases energy in the form of ATP. Since energy is being released, not absorbed, it is not endergonic?
The chemical equation for photosynthesis.
What is 6CO2+6H2O+light energy→C6H12O6+6O2
(Carbon dioxide + water + sunlight → food for the plant + oxygen for us)
Although the citric acid cycle directly produces only one ATP (or GTP) per turn, most of its energy yield comes indirectly from these reduced coenzymes.
What are NADH and FADH₂?
ATP and this energy-rich molecule from the light reactions power the reduction stage of the Calvin cycle.
What is NADPH?