Bones and Fish
This water is first filtered through the ____, which clean it of large, indigestible debris (such as the sand in which the lancelet is buried).
Oral Cirri
A circulatory system in which the oxygen-carrying blood cells never leave the blood vessels
Closed circulatory system
The nervous system is controlled by the
brain
Two types of fertilization
internal and external
creatures in the class agnatha are often
Anadromous
osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts
What are the three types of bone cells
____ carry blood away from the hart. ____ carry blood to the heart
arteries, veins
The lobes of the brain that receive signals from the receptors in the nose
Olfactory lobes
Development that occurs in an egg that is hatched outside the female's body
Oviparous development
A life cycle in which creatures are hatched in fresh water, migrate to salt water as adults, and then go back to fresh water in order to reproduce
Anadromous
The portion of the skeleton that attaches to the axial skeleton and has the limbs attached to it
Appendicular skeleton
Vertebrate blood is red. This is because the cells that carry the oxygen in the blood are full of a protein called ______ that appears red.
hemoglobin
The lobes that coordinate vital functions, such as those of the circulatory and respiratory systems, and transport signals from the brain to the spinal cord
Medulla oblongata
A viviparous mother eats plenty of food but the developing offspring is not nourished properly. What structure is not performing its job?
The placenta is not working
If you cut the anterior and posterior dorsal fins off a shark, what will happen when it tries to swim?
The shark will not be able to stay upright in the water.
If the sea squirt feeds like a sponge and stays fixed to a surface like a sponge, why isn't it classified in phylum Porifera?
The sea squirt is not classified with sponges because, other than its feeding habits and the fact that it stays immobile as an adult, it has nothing else in common with them. For example, sponges never have a notochord, do not support themselves with leathery coverings, do not have one specific entrance and another specific exit for water, and do not have the internal organs that a sea squirt has.
Tiny, thin-walled blood vessels that allow the exchange of gases and nutrients between the blood and the cells of the body
Capillaries
The lobe that controls involuntary actions and refines muscle movement
Cerebellum
Fish typically reproduce when the female lays her eggs and then the male fertilizes them. What kind of fertilization is this? What kind of development is it?
This reproduction involves external fertilization and oviparous development.
When a creature dies, under the right conditions, its remains can be preserved as fossils. Typically, the harder the remains, the more likely they are to fossilize. Thus, if a clam dies, the inside body parts are rarely fossilized, but the shells often are. What parts of the shark would be most likely to fossilize?
its teeth are most likely to be fossilized
A dead lancelet is found to have large particles of sand lodged in the slits of its pharynx. What, most likely, was not functioning properly prior to the lancelet's death?
The oral cirri were not functioning properly. Usually, large debris does not clog up the slits of the pharynx because the oral cirri filter it out of the water that the lancelet is taking in.
Well, since veins carry blood back to the heart, ______________ veins carry red blood cells that are low in oxygen.
most (but not all)
That course of action is then translated back into electrical signals, which are sent to a _______ of nerves in the body.
specific set
Are there any lampreys that reproduce in marine environments?
No. Remember, lampreys either live their entire lives in fresh water or migrate back to fresh water to reproduce. Thus, no reproduction occurs in salt water.
The blood leaves the heart through the large blood vessel called the ____, which branches into a series of smaller vessels called ______
ventral aorta,
afferent brachial arteries.