Mitosis
During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up along the middle of the dividing cell?
Metaphase
Which process produces gametes?
Meiosis
What are the three main differences between DNA and RNA?
DNA: Double strand, T, and deoxyribose
RNA: Single strand, U, and ribose.
Where does transcription occur in the cell?
The nucleus
How many RNA codons are there?
64
What type of reproduction is mitosis?
Asexual
What type of reproduction is meiosis?
Sexual
What is the function of mRNA?
Messenger, contains copies of assembling amino acids into proteins.
Where does translation occur in a cell?
The ribosome
If there are 8 amino acids in a polypeptide chain, how many bases would specify this?
40
If an organism's diploid number is 50 what would its haploid number be?
25
Mitosis produces ______ cells. Meiosis produces ______ cells.
diploid; haploid
What is the function of rRNA?
Ribosomal, helps assemble proteins.
What is a codon?
A group of three nucleotide bases in mRNA that specify a particular amino acid to be incorporated into a protein.
What happens in translation?
&
What determines which amino acid will be added to the growing polypeptide chain?
tRNA carries the correct amino acid to the ribosome.
&
mRNA
What happens to a cell as it grows in size?
It is no longer efficient at moving materials in and out.
Which type of cell division produces genetically different daughter cells?
Meiosis
What is the function of tRNA?
Transfer, transfers amino acids to the ribosome specified by mRNA to help construct a protein.
How many bases are needed to specify one codon?
Genes contain instructions that make a _______.
Protein
What is a Genome?
A complete (haploid) set of an organism's genes; an organism's genetic material.
During mitosis __ daughter cells are produced, while in meiosis __ daughter cells are produced.
2; 4
What are the two steps of protein synthesis?
Transcription and translation.
how many amino acids exist?
20
What is a mutation?
A change in the DNA.