Cells
Cell Division
Body Systems
DNA
Genetics
Evolution
Speciation
100
Which two organelles need to communicate with each other for proteins to be made?
The nucleus and ribosomes
100
What is mitosis?
When one cell divides to become two identical cells
100
A group of similar cells working together is a(n)...
Tissue
100
Place the following in the correct order representing expression of genetic information: traits, mRNA, protein, DNA
DNA, mRNA, protein, traits
100
What is genotype? What is phenotype?
Genotype is the alleles an organism has, phenotype is the observable trait
100
What is artificial selection?
When a trait increases in the population because humans chose those traits to breed
100
How is it possible to find fossils of the same extinct species on two different continents?
The species must have existed before the continental plates separated
200
What is the purpose of the Golgi apparatus?
It packages proteins and sends them where they need to go (it is like the post office of the cell)
200
What is meiosis?
The cell division process which forms sperm and egg cells
200
A group of two or more organs interacting to perform a task is a(n)...
organ system
200
What is transcription?
When DNA is used to make a strand of mRNA
200
A mutation occurs in one of your liver cells. Can this mutation be passed on? Why or why not?
No, mutations can only be passed on if they occur in your gametes (sperm and egg cells)
200
Traits are selected for if they help the organism...
A. live in a good habitat
B. reproduce
C. interact with other species
D. get eaten by predators
B
200
A group of organisms is separated when the continents split. What type of isolation is this?
Geographical
300
Which of these statements is true?
a. The cell membrane packages lipids for export
b. The mitochondria perform photosynthesis
c. The lysosome digests molecules
d. The nucleus produces energy
C
300
What would be true about a cell that was unable to respond to cell cycle control checkpoints?
It would be defective and probably cancerous
300
A group of two or more tissues interacting to perform a task is a(n)...
Organ
300
What process is shown in this image?
Transcription
300
Green is dominant to yellow in a species of flowers. If two heterozygous plants produce offspring, what percent of the offspring is likely to be each color?
75% green, 25% yellow
300
What is the BEST evidence that two species are closely related?
A. similar bone structure
B. similar DNA sequences
C. similar habitats
D. similar lifespan
B
300
A plant species in Africa and a plant species in South America share a common ancestor, but the modern day descendants look very different from each other. Why do they look so different?
They had to adapt to different environments, so the plants with the best adaptations were more likely to survive and reproduce
400
Your skin cells and muscle cells have the same DNA. What causes them to behave so differently from one another?
Some genes are turned on and some are turned off, and the genes which are activated are different in skin cells than in muscle cells
400
Which picture shows mitosis and which shows meiosis?
on the left is mitosis, on the right is meiosis
400
Place these in order from smallest to largest:
organ, cell, organ system, tissue
cell, tissue, organ, organ system
400
What are three things that can cause DNA mutations?
Errors in cell division, UV radiation, exposure to carcinogenic chemicals such as tobacco smoke
400
A red flower has the genotype RR, a white flower has the genotype rr, and a pink flower has the genotype Rr. Two pink flowers are crossed. What percent of the offspring would be white? What percent would be red? What percent would be pink?
25% red, 25% white, 50% pink
400
True or false: species gain adaptations that they need in order to survive
False! In order for natural selection to select a trait, it has to ALREADY exist in the population! If there is no beneficial trait in the population, it is not guaranteed that a mutation will give them an adaptation (they might go extinct instead)
400
What is the BEST evidence that two organisms belong to the same species?
If they can reproduce and produce fertile offspring
500
What causes water to move in and out of cells through the process of osmosis?
When there is a difference in water/solute concentrations inside and outside the cell
500
What are three differences between mitosis and meiosis?
1. Mitosis forms cells which are identical to the original (2 copies of each gene) while meiosis forms cells with half the DNA (1 copy of each gene)
2. Mitosis involves cells dividing once, forming a total of 2 new cells, while meiosis involves the cells dividing twice, forming a total of 4 new cells
3. Mitosis occurs in all body cells and is used for tissue growth and repair, while meiosis only occurs in sperm and egg cells and is only used for reproduction
500
When a dog is panting, how is that an example of homeostasis?
The dog is releasing excess heat through evaporative cooling (just like sweat does for us) in order to regulate its body temperature
500
Is this individual male or female? Do they have any chromosomal abnormalities? How do you know?
It is a male (he has one X and one Y chromosome) and he has no chromosomal abnormalities (he has two copies of each chromosome)
500
Is this individual male or female? Do they have any chromosomal abnormalities? How do you know?
It is a female (she has 2 X chromosomes and no Y), and she does have a chromosomal abnormality (she has 3 copies of chromosome 21)
500
Which graph shows what would happen if the environment favored medium beak size in finches?
Graph B (medium beak size becomes more common)
500
What is behavioral isolation and how does it lead to speciation?
When animals have different mating behaviors, leading them to not reproduce with each other