Heredity Vocab
Punnett Squares
What Type of Dominance?
DNA Structure
Chargaff's Rule
DNA Replication
Replication Enzymes
100
When two alleles are the same they are called.
What is homozygous?
100
Black fur in rabbits is dominant (F), white fur is recessive(f). What genotype would a white rabbit have to have?
Black fur in rabbits is dominant (F), white fur is recessive(f). What genotype would a white rabbit have to have?
100
In this sentence, is this Complete Dominance, Co-Dominance, or Incomplete Dominance? "Two pea pods, one red and one yellow begin budding and grow a plant with yellow pods."
Complete Dominance
100
Name the parts of the nucleotide:
100
What is the complementary strand to:
5' ATCGG 3'
3' TAGCC 5'
100
monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
What is a Nucleotide
100
an enzyme that untwists the double helix at the replication forks, separating the two parental strands and making them available as template strands
What is Helicase
200
When two alleles are different they are called.
What is heterozygous?
200
cross a homozygous Tall (T) and a homozygous short (t). What percentage is heterozygous?
What is 100%?
200
In this sentence, is this Complete Dominance, Co-Dominance, or Incomplete Dominance? "A man with blonde hair and a woman with dark brown hair have twins with light brown colored hair."
Incomplete Dominance
200
What 2 molecules make up the "Back-bone" or sides of the DNA molecule?
phosphate and sugar (deoxyribose)
200
If 25% of the bases are C, what % are G?
25%
200
The new DNA strand that grows continuously in the 5 to 3 direction is called the
What is Leading Strand
200
enzyme that proofreads the daughter strand of replicated DNA and corrects any base pairing errors
What is DNA polymerase
300
Give an example of a homozygous dominant genotype for height.
HH (or 2 other capital letters)
300
Pea plants can have various traits inherited by simple dominance. Tall is dominant to short and uses the following alleles: T = tall and t = short. Purple flower color is dominant to white flowers and uses the following alleles: P = purple and p = white. Cross the 2 plants (TtPp X ttPp) and give the probability of getting a tall white plant.
1/8 or 12.5%
300
A cross between white and purple pea plants creates purple and white offspring.
codominance
300
What is the overall shape of a DNA molecule?
Double Helix
300
If 13% of the bases are T, what % are A?
13%
300
The new DNA strand that grows away from the replication fork
What is Lagging Strand
300
Adds new DNA nucleotides to a replicating DNA molecule
What is DNA polymerase
400
Give an example of a heterozygous dominant genotype for height.
Hh
400
Alleles (Hierarchy of Dominance):
C= full color
cch = chinchilla
ch = Himalayan
c = albino
Cross Cc X cchch. What is the probability that the offspring is chinchilla?
25%
400
A green PJ bunny (gg) was crossed with a blue PJ Bunny (bb). The offspring were all purple (bg). This is called ______________.
What is incomplete dominance?
400
What holds the 2 DNA strands together to make the DNA molecule?
Hydrogen Bonds (2 between A &T, 3 between C & G)
400
If 35% of the bases are C, what % are T?
15%
400
short segments of DNA synthesized in the lagging strand during DNA replication
What is okazaki Fragments
400
Glues together fragments of DNA
What is Ligase
500
What do the words genotype and phenotype mean?
genotype - 2 letters that code for a trait
phenotype - physical characteristics
500
Cross a person with O blood type with a person with AB blood type. What is the probability of getting an A child? (Use IA, IB, i for alleles).
50%
500
A cross between white and purple pea plants creates purple offspring.
complete dominance
500
What is the purpose of DNA?
Stores genetic code.
500
If 10% of the bases are A, what % are G?
40%
500
What is semi conservative replication
Each half of an original DNA molecule serves as a template for a new strand, and the two new DNA molecules each have one old and one new strand
500
An enzyme that joins RNA nucleotides to make the primer
What is primase